液壓綜合試驗臺設計

機械論文編號:JX397  論文字數:19154.頁數:41

目  錄
引言 1
1  緒論 3
1.1 液壓系統的組成與特點 3
1.1.1液壓系統的組成 3
1.1.2液壓系統的特點 3
1.2 液壓系統故障診斷技術 4
1.2.1液壓故障的主觀診斷技術 4
1.2.2液壓故障的數學模型診斷技術 6
1.2.3液壓故障的智能診斷技術 6
1.2.4液壓系統故障診斷技術的發展趨勢 9
1.3 液壓試驗臺的組成 9
2  系統原理圖的設計 10
3  元件的計算和選擇 11
3.1 動力元件的選擇 11
3.2 液壓元件的選擇 12
3.2.1 閥類元件的選擇 12
3.2.2儀表的選擇 13
3.2.3液壓油的選擇 13
3.3 管件的選擇 14
3.3.1油管的種類 14
3.3.2油管的選擇和計算 15
3.4 油箱的設計 16
3.4.1油箱的結構 16
3.4.2油箱的容量 18
3.5 過濾器的選擇 18
4  液壓系統性能的驗算 19
4.1 系統壓力損失計算 19
4.2系統發熱溫升的驗算 21
4.3 加熱器的選擇 22
4.4 冷卻器的選擇 24
5  泵站的設計與計算 25
5.1 傳動部件的設計 25
5.1.1傳動方案設計 25
5.2.2帶傳動設計 26
5.2  軸的設計 29
5.2.1軸的結構設計 29
5.2.2軸的設計計算 30
5.2.3軸的強度計算 32
6  系統的使用說明 36
6.1 液壓泵的性能測試 36
6.2 液壓缸的性能測試 36
6.3 液壓閥的性能測試 37
7  結論 39
謝 辭 40
參考文獻 41

摘   要

隨著液壓工業的發展，液壓技術在各種機械中發揮著越來越重要的作用。由于液壓系統的組成、功能愈益復雜，因而發生故障的幾率也隨之增多。液壓設備的缺點之一就是出現故障不易查找原因。而檢測液壓元件性能參數的試驗設備多為性能單一的液壓試驗臺，而且一般為液壓件生產廠家和研究所專用,這樣對液壓系統的故障診斷帶來很大的不便。從使用方面看，一旦液壓系統發生故障，常常需要檢測多種液壓元件的技術指標，而性能單一的試驗臺不能快速有效地找出故障的部位和根源以達到及時修理的目的。針對以上問題，我們設計了一種液壓綜合試驗臺。
本文根據設計要求進行了綜合試驗臺系統的設計。通過對系統原理圖的設計，說明了液壓綜合試驗臺的工作原理；根據對液壓泵、液壓閥、油管等液壓元件的選擇和計算，確定了所需液壓元件的型號及尺寸；為了改進和完善系統，本文還對系統壓力損失和發熱溫升進行了驗算；此外，通過對系統發熱量計算，完成了對加熱器和冷卻器的選擇；通過對帶傳動設計和軸的結構設計、校核，完成了對泵站的設計。本試驗臺可以分別測試液壓泵、液壓缸和液壓閥的性能參數，與專用試驗臺相比，具有一機多用的優點。此外，本試驗臺結構簡單緊湊，操作方便，測試簡單、可靠。
關鍵詞：液壓系統；試驗臺；液壓元件；故障診斷

Abstract

With the development of the hydraulic pressure industry, hydraulic pressure technology plays a more and more important role in each kind of machine. Since the composition and the function of hydraulic system are complex, troubles increasingly turn up .One of hydraulic equipment shortcomings is that searching the reason is not easy while the trouble is expected to be exist. However, the test equipments for examining the performance parameter of hydraulic pressure parts are often the performance sole hydraulic pressure test platform, and it is generally used by the factory and the research institute for the hydraulic pressure special-purpose, which makes the hydraulic system breakdown diagnosis more inconvenient. Looking from the use aspect, once the hydraulic system breaks down, we need to examine the many kinds of hydraulic pressure part the technical specification, but the performance sole test platform can not fastly effectively discover the spot and the root of the breakdown to repair the goal. For the purpose above, we have designed one kind of hydraulic pressure comprehensive test platform.
This article designed the synthesized test platform by the mission. Designing the system schematic diagram explained the work principle of  the hydraulic pressure synthesized test platform; According to the design of hydraulic pump, hydraulic valve, drill tubing choice and the computation, determined the model and the size of the hydraulic pressure part; In order to improving  the consummation system, this article also carried on to test the system pressure loss and temperature increment; In addition, through the system calorific capacity computation, completed to choose the heater and the chiller ; Through designing the belt transmission and the axis structural, this article completed to the design of pumping station. This test platform may separately test performance parameter of the hydraulic pump, the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic valve. Compares with the special-purpose test platform, it has a-machine-multipurpose merit. In addition, its structure is simple, and the operation is easy, testing is simple and reliable.
Key word: hydraulic system； test platform；hydraulic pressure part；
failure diagnosis