金屬離子廢水電滲析處理

化工論文編號(hào):HG157  論文字?jǐn)?shù):9309,頁數(shù):23

 目  錄
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目  錄 III
1  緒論 1
 1.1  重金屬離子在廢水中的化學(xué)形態(tài) 1
 1.2  金屬離子廢水處理方法 1
 1.3  電滲析原理 4
2  實(shí)驗(yàn)部分 7
 2.1  實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備 7
 2.2  實(shí)驗(yàn)試劑與原料 8
 2.3  實(shí)驗(yàn)操作 8
3  實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與討論 8
 3.1  銅濃度分析 8
 3.2  單因素考察 12
4  總結(jié)與展望 16
致  謝 17
參考文獻(xiàn) 18

摘 要：金屬離子廢水，尤其是重金屬?gòu)U水，會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)重破壞，必須對(duì)其進(jìn)行相應(yīng)處理才能達(dá)到排放要求。本文通過對(duì)相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行調(diào)研，以銅鎳離子為例，詳細(xì)研究和介紹了用電滲析來處理重金屬?gòu)U水的方法，并對(duì)其他方法也進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)單介紹。實(shí)驗(yàn)考察了料液室流量、原料濃度、電流強(qiáng)度、銅鎳互相干擾情況以及銅鎳混合溶液對(duì)遷移結(jié)果的影響，并且還研究了一定條件下銅鎳的極限遷移量。結(jié)果表明：料液室流量適中(80L/h)，原料濃度適中(Cu2 +濃度0.15g/L)，電流強(qiáng)度適中（1.5A）對(duì)遷移結(jié)果有利；以模擬工廠排放濃度配制的混合溶液能順利被遷移完，而其中的鎳離子遷移速度要比銅離子快；銅的極限遷移量遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了工廠直接回用濃度，所以用電滲析法從金屬?gòu)U水中回收銅鎳離子的方法可行有效。
 關(guān)鍵詞：金屬離子廢水；銅；鎳；電滲析；極限遷移量

Abstract: The waste water of metallic ion, especially the heavy metal, can be a severe destruction to the environment. So we must take proper disposals to reach the level of waste discharge. Through investigating to some relevant literatures, in this thesis we take copper ion as an example, mainly study and present a method of disposing the heavy metal waste water by electrodialysis, and simply present other methods as well. The liquid flow in chamber, the concentration of raw materials, current intensity, the interference of Cu2+ and Ni2+and the effect of the mixture solutions for the transfer result and also the maximum transport quantity were studied. The result shows that, moderate liquid flow in chamber (80L/h), the material concentration of raw materials (concentration of Cu2+ is 0.15g/L) and moderate current intensity(1.5A) are beneficial to the result of transfer. The mixture solutions whose concentration is simulated to the factories’ real emission concentration can also be totally transferred; meanwhile, Ni2+ transfers faster than Cu2+. The maximum transport quantity of Cu2+ is much bigger than the recycling quantity of the factories’, so it’s possible to recycle Cu2+ and Ni2+ from the waste water by electrodialysis.
 Keywords: Metal ion waste water; Copper; Nickel; Electrodialysis;Maximum transport quantity