淺析預借、倒簽提單行為及其風險防范

電子商務論文編號:GM171     論文字數:7994,頁數:13

目   錄

1．預借提單和倒簽提單概述 ........................................2
1．1預借提單和倒簽提單的概念 .....................................2
1．2預借提單和倒簽提單異同點 .....................................2
2．預借提單和倒簽提單的責任主體和法律性質 ........................3
2．1預借提單和倒簽提單的責任主體 .................................3
2．2預借提單和倒簽提單的法律性質 .................................5
3．預借提單和倒簽提單產生的原因及其危害 ..........................5
3．1預借提單和倒簽提單產生的原因 .................................5
3．2預借提單和倒簽提單造成的危害..................................6
3．3預借提單和倒簽提單案例分析 ...................................8
4．預借提單和倒簽提單的風險防范 ..................................9
4．1對于進口方來說 ...............................................9
4．2對于出口方來說 ...............................................10
參考文獻 .........................................................12
致   謝 ..........................................................13

摘   要

     預借、倒簽提單是航運貿易中常見的一種海事欺詐行為，近幾年，我國國際經貿實踐中，預借、倒簽提案件頻頻發生，嚴重擾亂了正常的海運經濟秩序。按照法律規定，貨物裝上船以后，承運人才能簽發“己裝船提單”，這是國際公約、國際慣例和法律要求承運人必須履行的法定義務，但承運人卻不遵守，將提單做成預借提單或者倒簽提單。
因此如何防范預借、倒簽提單已成為擺在我們面前的一項重大課題。本文一共分四個部分。第一部分預借提單和倒簽提單概述，提出兩者概念，然后分析兩者異同點。第二部分是分析預借提單和倒簽提單的法律性質。第三部分分析預借提單和倒簽提單產生的原因及其帶來的危害。最后第四部分總結并提出預借提單和倒簽提單的防范措施。

【關鍵詞】預借提單 倒簽提單 提單欺詐

Abstract

Advanced B/L and anti-dated B/L are one typical kind of maritime frauds that often occur in marine business. In recent years, such cases have taken place so often that they severely disturbed normal ocean-transportation economic order in the business practice. According to our law, only when the goods have been loaded on board，shall the carrier issue an 'on board” bill of lading---which is the carrier's legal duty required by the international conventions, international usual practices and laws. But sometimes the carrier don’t obey the law and issues an advanced B/L or anti-dated B/L against the law.
So how to prevent advanced B/L and anti-dated B/L has become a big issue we should face. This thesis can be divided into four parts. The first part is the introduction of basic theory of advanced B/L and anti-dated B/L. The author presents the definitions and analyzes the differences between them. In the second part, the author analyzes the legal nature of the advanced B/L and anti-dated B/L. The third part states the existing reasons and harms causing in reality. At last the author puts forward precaution strategies on the advanced B/L and anti-dated B/L.   

【Key Words】Advanced B/L ; Antedated B/L; Fraud of B/L