汽車側(cè)滑測量系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計

電子機(jī)電論文編號:JD545 論文字?jǐn)?shù):18455,頁數(shù):42

目  錄
摘 要 1
Abstract 2
1 緒  論 5
1.1  汽車側(cè)滑測量系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計前景 5
1.2  影響汽車側(cè)滑的因素 5
1.3  國內(nèi)外關(guān)于汽車側(cè)滑測量系統(tǒng)研究的狀況及相關(guān)成果 6
1.4  本設(shè)計的相關(guān)內(nèi)容 7
2 系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計 8
2 .1 總體框圖及簡介 8
2.1.1 系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計 8
2.1.2 系統(tǒng)的基本工作過程 9
2.2  MAX485芯片簡介及其特點 9
2.2.1 單片機(jī)與MAX485標(biāo)準(zhǔn)遠(yuǎn)距離通訊介紹 10
2.2.2 MAX485芯片原理圖及通信原理 10
2.3 傳感器的組成及其分類 12
2.3.1 傳感器的選擇及原理圖 13
2.3.2 光柵位移傳感器原理 14
2.4  8051單片機(jī)的簡介 15
2.4.1 程序存儲器2764 15
2.4.2 數(shù)據(jù)存儲器2864 16
2.5 報警電路原理 17
2.6 LCD顯示器 17
2.6.1 顯示驅(qū)動器 19
2.6.2 位選電路 19
3系統(tǒng)軟件的設(shè)計 22
3.1 匯編語言 22
3.1.1 匯編語言的概述 22
3.2 主程序框圖 23
3.3 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計的主要功能模塊 24
3.3.1 報警模塊 24
3.4 部分程序設(shè)計 25
3.5 初始化程序 27
結(jié)  論 29
致  謝 30
參考文獻(xiàn) 31
附錄A（英文參考資料） 32
附錄B（中文翻譯） 37
附錄C（總體設(shè)計原理圖） 42

摘 要
實踐證明，汽車的側(cè)滑會造成滾動阻力增加、行駛穩(wěn)定性變差、輪胎磨損加劇、運行油耗增多和轉(zhuǎn)向沉重等問題，影響了汽車的使用性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性，所以必須對汽車的側(cè)滑進(jìn)行定期檢測。本文介紹了一種汽車側(cè)滑測量系統(tǒng)的硬件及軟件的設(shè)計方法，該系統(tǒng)由輸入系統(tǒng)、輸出系統(tǒng)和80C51單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成。測量系統(tǒng)把傳感器傳來的頻率信號轉(zhuǎn)換成對應(yīng)的側(cè)滑量，顯示在液晶顯示器上。如果測量超過上限，自動發(fā)出報警聲提示。測量系統(tǒng)通過串行口可把測量的結(jié)果發(fā)送到上位機(jī)。本文主要完成汽車側(cè)滑測量系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計及軟件設(shè)計。在硬件方面，詳細(xì)介紹了位移檢測電路，液晶顯示電路，報警電路等等。在軟件方面，介紹了主程序的流程圖及各部分電路的編程方法。
本設(shè)計具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，實用性強(qiáng)，可靠性高，不易損壞等特點，適用于大部分汽車側(cè)滑的測量，可以滿足大部分生產(chǎn)廠家的要求。

關(guān)鍵詞：上位機(jī)，下位機(jī)，單片機(jī)，顯示器

Design of the sideslips measurement system of automobile
Abstract
The practice proves that the automobile sideslips can sharply increase the rolling resistance, make the driving stability become badly, accelerate the tire abrasion, waste much more and more oil and turn around heavily, affect handling property and economical efficiency of the automobile. So the automobile sideslips must be checked up for a fixed interval. This article introduces hardware and software system of automobile sideslips, principle of automobile sideslips and others principal factors. The sideslips system of automobile is constituted by input system, the output system and 80C51 micro controller unit. The measurement system accepts the signal of this sensor and then converts the signal to the sideslips value, which is displayed on the liquid-crystal display at last. If the value of sideslips goes beyond, the annunciator can send out warning tone automatically. The system of measurement can also send the measuring result to upper computer by serial port. This article mainly completes hardware and the software design of measure system of the automobile sideslips. In the hardware aspect, it introduces circuit of detection, circuit of liquid crystal display, warning circuit and so on. In the software aspect, it curtly introduces flow chart of main program and the programming method of all ports of circuit.
This design has such characters, it is suit for the simple, the high reliability, not easy to damage and so on. Automobiles sideslip system and satisfy the majority of autobile manufacturer the request.

Keyword: Upper computer、Lower computer、Micro controller Unit、Display