自動門控制系統設計

電子機電論文編號:JD546 附外文翻譯,原理圖,PCB,論文字數:21158,頁數:46

目    錄

引  言 1
1  緒 論 2
1.1 研究的可行性 2
1.2 研究的意義和目的 2
1.3 自動門控制系統的功能概述 2
1.4 主要設計任務 3
2  方案設計 4
2.1 系統方案的確定 4
2.2 系統組成 5
3  系統硬件電路設計 8
3.1 設計使用的基本知識介紹 8
3.2 芯片介紹及相關電路模塊設計 9
3.2.1單片機AT89C51概況 9
3.2.2紅外線接收電路 11
3.2.2電機驅動電路 16
3.2.48279顯示及鍵盤掃描電路 17
3.2.5門限電路 19
3.2.6LED點陣顯示模塊 20
3.2.7LCD 液晶顯示器 24
3.3 總體設計原理圖 25
4  系統軟件設計 26
4.1 單片機編程 26
4.1.1軟件部分設計的功能 26
4.1.2控制系統主程序 28
4.2 AT89C51的定時/計數器介紹 28
5  系統制作及調試 30
5.1 系統PCB板的設計 30
5.1.1確定PCB的大小 31
5.1.2布局 31
5.1.3布線 31
5.2 硬件調試 31
5.2.1檢測元器件 32
5.2.2檢測各個引腳信號 32
5.3 軟件調試 32
6  結論 32
謝  辭 34
參考文獻 35
附  錄1 源程序  36
附  錄2 原理圖  41
附  錄3 PCB    42

摘  要
隨著社會的發展、科技的進步以及人們生活水平的逐步提高，各種方便生活的自動控制系統進入了人們的生活，以單片機為核心的自動門控制系統就是其中之一，也標志自動控制領域成為了數字化時代的一員。該自動門控制系統具有實用性強，功能齊全，技術先進的特點，它的廣泛應用代表著科技進步的實用成果。并且它讓人類懂得，數字時代的發展將改變人類的生活，加快科學技術的發展。
本設計的主要內容包括：首先進行方案設計，然后設計了系統硬件電路和相應的系統軟件，最后研制了自動門控制系統的原理樣板和設計功能驗證。該系統用紅外線傳感器對進入感應區域的移動物體進行實時檢測，當移動物體進入感應區域時,紅外線傳感器接收到的信號經過模數轉換變成數字信號并發送到單片機，單片機輸出指令控制電機的轉動，然后電機帶動傳動機構使門開啟，當感應到人已不在感應區域時關門。
本論文著重闡述了以單片機為主體，LED點陣顯示芯片及直流電機為核心的自動控制系統。該系統主要應用AT89C51作為控制核心，LED點陣顯示芯片、直流電機、紅外線傳感器相結合的組成結構，充分發揮了單片機的性能。其優點是硬件電路簡單，軟件功能完善，控制系統可靠，性價比較高等，具有一定的使用和參考價值。
對原理樣機的調試結果表明，所完成的設計實現了設計任務規定的基本功能，在完成設計任務的基礎上我還加了個電子密碼鎖，使自動門控制系統能在規定的時間內實行限制管理。

關鍵詞:  單片機  自動門控制   A/D模數轉換  紅外線傳感器 

Abstract
Progress of with the development of society , science and technology and gradual improvement of people's living standard, various kinds of help automatic control system in life has entered people's life, the system of automatically-controlled door taking one-chip computer as the core is one of them. Indicate too that the automatic controlled field became a member in digitized era at the same time.The system of automatically-controlled door with the utility strong, functional, technologically advanced features, and its wide application represent practical results of scientific and technological progress . It lets the mankind understand even more, the development in digital era will change human life, will quicken the development of science and technology.
The main elements of the design include : first programme design, and then design a system of hardware circuits and the corresponding software, and finally developed the theory model of the system of automatically-controlled door automatic door control system and design functional certification. The system used infrared sensors to access sensitive region for real-time monitoring of mobile objects, when mobile objects into sensory regions, infrared sensors to receive signals through module conversion into digital signals it sent to one-chip computer, one-chip computer export orders of the electrical control equipment, electrical-transmission agencies and then opened the doors, When people are no longer sensitive to the sensory region closed.
This paper rely mainly on one-chip computer to explain emphatically, LED lattice show chip and direct current machine central systems. It use AT89C51 as core of controlling , LED lattice show chip , direct current machine , Infrared sensors , that device combine together mainly to design originally. Give full play to the performance of the one-chip computer. Its advantage hardware circuit is simple, the software is with perfect function, the control system is reliable , higher characteristic of the sex price, have certain use and reference value.
On principles prototype debugging showed that the design of the completed design of the basic functions of the mandate, in the completion of the design task basis I also added an electronic password lock, it make that the system of automatically-controlled door can enable controlled in the given time-frame restrictions

Key words:   One-chip computer  The automatically-controlled door controlling          A/D modulus changing     Infrared sensors