當代中國收入分配問題研究

當前，中國經濟正從定量增加向質性增加改變，這為調整收入分配結構，縮小貧富距離提供了時機。扼要介紹了變革開放以來中國城鄉，地區和工業之間的收入分配距離，然后指出，在中國經濟發展中，人口活動存在制度束縛，區域發展戰略不匹配區域經濟形勢，不合理的稅收結構和貿易自由化，是加劇居民收入不平等的重要因素。在此基礎上，本文以為，未來中國需求留意保持經濟增加與收入結構調整之間的平衡，在短期內擬定恰當的轉移支付政策，防止富人與貧富距離進一步惡化。貧民一起支持結構性貨幣政策以安穩經濟增加；從中長時間看，促進要素市場，市場變革和供應側變革相輔相成，縮小居民收入分配距離。從長遠來看，財產稅和教育均等化可用于抑制財富不平等，并保證世代之間收入分配結構的活動性，然后保證中國經濟的長時間安穩。

關鍵詞：收入；收入分配差距；現狀分析

Abstract

At present, China's economy is changing from quantitative growth to qualitative growth, which provides an opportunity to adjust the income distribution structure of residents and narrow the gap between the rich and the poor. This paper gives a brief account of the income distribution gap between urban and rural areas, regions and industries in China since the reform and opening-up, and then points out that in the economic development of China, there are institutional constraints on population mobility, regional development strategies that do not match the regional economic situation, unreasonable tax structure and trade liberalization. The important factor of income inequality of high residents. On this basis, this paper argues that in the future, China should pay attention to maintaining the balance between economic growth and income structure adjustment, design appropriate transfer payment policies in the short term to avoid further deterioration of the gap between the rich and the poor, supplemented by structural monetary policies to stabilize economic growth, and promote factor markets in the medium and long term. Reform and supply-side reform go hand in hand to narrow the income distribution gap among residents. In the long run, we should use the "two-pronged" approach of property tax and education equalization to curb wealth inequality and ensure the liquidity of intergenerational income distribution structure, so as to ensure the long-term stability of China's economy.

Key words: income; income distribution gap; current situation analysis

目錄

摘  要I

ABSTRACTII

一、引言1

二、收入分配的內涵2

三、我國收入分配差距的現狀2

（一）城鄉居民的收入分配差距2

（二）區域間的收入分配差距3

（三）行業間的收入差距3

四、收入分配存在的主要問題3

（一）國民收入分配格局不合理3

（二）收入分配不公平4

（三）收入差距進一步擴大4

五、解決收入分配問題的關鍵點5

（一）提高稅收對收入分配的調節力度5

（二）增加對低收入和貧困人口的轉移支付力度6

（三）完善社會保障制度，縮小保障水平的差距6

（四）努力落實公共服務均等化的目標6

（五）加大扶貧力度，讓窮人看到希望6

六、結語7

參考文獻8

致謝............................................................................................................9