礦井裝載裝置設計

機械論文編號:JX255 所有圖紙,任務書，外文翻譯。論文字數:42335.頁數:83

目    錄

1 緒論 ................................................................1
1.1引言............................................................... 1
1.2裝卸載系統組成 .....................................................1
1.2.1 礦井提升設備中的裝卸載設備 ......................................2
1.2.2礦井裝卸載工藝過程 ...............................................5
1.3 裝置組成 ..........................................................5
1.4 工作過程.......................................................... 5
1.5電控系統........................................................... 5
1.5.1PLC在箕斗裝卸自動控制中的應用.................................... 6
1.5.2系統的功能 .......................................................7
1.5.3系統結構及工作原理............................................... 7
1.5.4 PLC的故障診斷................................................... 8
1.5.5PLC在液壓傳動控制中的應用 ........................................8
1.5.6液壓傳動系統的特點 ...............................................9
1.5.7 PLC系統的硬件設計............................................... 9
1.5.8 PLC的程序設計的方法............................................. 10
2 液壓系統的設計...................................................... 10
2.1液壓系統方案設計................................................... 11
2.2液壓系統的使用要求及速度負載分析 ...................................13
2.3液壓系統圖 .........................................................14
2.4液壓系統組成元件的選擇和設計 .......................................16
3 液壓缸的設計 ........................................................17
3.1液壓缸的設計....................................................... 17
3.2閘門液壓缸的設計................................................... 17
3.2.1閘門液壓缸工作壓力及主要結構尺寸的計算........................... 17
3.2.2液壓缸壁厚和外徑的計算 ...........................................23
3.2.3液壓缸缸蓋厚度的確定 .............................................26
3.2.4液壓缸最小導向長度的確定 .........................................27
3.2.5液壓缸缸體長度的確定 .............................................27
3.3溜嘴液壓缸的設計................................................... 28
3.3.1溜嘴液壓缸工作壓力及主要結構尺寸的計算 ...........................28
3.3.2液壓缸壁厚和外徑的計算 ...........................................32
3.3.3液壓缸缸蓋厚度的確定 .............................................35
3.3.4液壓缸最小導向長度的確定......................................... 35
3.3.5液壓缸缸體長度的確定............................................. 36
3.4液壓缸結構的設計. ..................................................36
3.4.1缸體與缸蓋的連接形式 .............................................37
3.4.2活塞桿與活塞的連接形式 ...........................................38
3.4.3活塞桿導向部分的結構 .............................................39
3.4.4活塞及活塞桿處密封圈的選用 .......................................39
3.4.5液壓缸的安裝連接結構............................................. 40
3.4.6液壓缸主要零件的材料和技術要求 ...................................41
4 液壓泵站的設計與計算................................................ 44
4.1液壓泵參數的計算與選型............................................. 44
4.1.1液壓泵的概述..................................................... 44
4.1.2液壓泵的工作原理 .................................................45
4.1.3液壓泵的分類和選用............................................... 46
4.1.4液壓泵的主要性能參數 .............................................47
4.2電動機的參數計算與選型............................................. 49
5 液壓輔件的選擇 ......................................................49
5.1蓄能器的選型 .......................................................50
5.1.1蓄能器的計算與選型............................................... 50
5.1.2蓄能器的安裝 .....................................................51
5.2 過濾器的選型...................................................... 51
5.3 油箱的選型與設計.................................................. 53
5.3.1油箱的功用： .....................................................53
5.3.2油箱結構的設計 ...................................................53
5.3.3油箱容積的確定................................................... 54
5.3.4油箱的尺寸....................................................... 55
5.4 熱交換器.......................................................... 56
5.5 管件的選擇........................................................ 58
5.6 密封裝置 ..........................................................59
5.7液壓控制閥的選擇................................................... 60
5.7.1液壓閥的原理與分類............................................... 60
5.7.2液壓閥的參數與要求............................................... 60
5.7.3液壓閥的選擇 .....................................................61
5.8 聯軸器的選擇...................................................... 61
5.9 液壓油的選用及維護................................................ 61
6 液壓泵站的結構設計.................................................. 63
6.1 泵站安裝聯接形式.................................................. 64
6.2 液壓泵站的安裝調試、使用維護與故障診斷............................ 65
6.2.1 液壓泵站的安裝.................................................. 65
6.2.2 液壓泵站的調試 ..................................................66
6.2.3 其它輔件的安裝要求 ..............................................67
6.2.4 液壓泵站的使用與維護............................................ 68
6.2.5 液壓泵站的故障診斷 ..............................................71
結論.................................................................. 73
參考文獻.............................................................. 74
翻譯部分 ..............................................................76
英文原文.............................................................. 76
中文翻譯.............................................................. 80
致謝 ..................................................................84

摘    要

      目前國內礦井裝載裝置都是采用氣壓傳動方式，雖然氣壓傳動方式具有響應快、方便等優點，但普遍存在可靠性差等問題，具體反映在以下幾個方面：
(1)使用集中氣源，管路長，壓力損失及泄漏量大；
(2)壓力低，氣動執行元件(氣缸)結構尺寸大，不易布置；
(3)水份分離不凈，冬季易產生管路凍結；
(4)定位精度低，動作穩定性差，傳動沖擊大，使設備壽命降低；
(5)噪聲污染大。
裝載裝置是礦井運輸環節中一個主要的組成部分，隨著礦井生產能力的不斷提高，對礦井裝載裝置的工作能力和可靠性都提出了更高的要求，采用氣壓傳動方式已遠遠不能滿足其生產要求。高產、高效礦井對裝載系統的工作能力和可靠性具體要求體現在以下幾方面
(1)裝載量大、速度快，以滿足高產、高效礦井生產要求；
(2)裝載閘門、箕斗箱和溜嘴應定位精確；
(3)發生停電事故時，閘門、溜嘴應回到初始位置，以便箕斗通過。
(4)工作沖擊小，設備壽命長，工作安全可靠。
針對上述要求及氣動式裝載裝置存在的問題，本文介紹了一種采用PLC的電液控制方案，根據系統的工作原理，這種控制方式能使裝載裝置滿足現代化高效、高產礦井的生產需要。

關鍵詞：礦井裝載裝置；液壓系統；電控

ABSTRACT

Currently mine loading devices are used pneumatic drive, although the pressure drive mode with fast response, convenient advantages, but the prevailing poor reliability problems, which are reflected in the following aspects :
(1) the use of concentrated natural gas resources, pipeline length, pressure loss and leakage of a large quantity;
(2) low pressure, Pneumatic components (cylinder) structure size, which is difficult layout;
(3) water separation is not the net. Winter easily frozen pipes;
(4) low precision positioning, movements poor stability, transmission shocks, so that the equipment reduced life expectancy;
(5) noise pollution.
Mine loading device is the transport link a major component of the mine with production capacity continues to improve, Mine loading of the device's ability and reliability, have set higher requirements using pneumatic drive mode has not far to meet their production requirements. High-yield, Mine right efficient loading system the capability and reliability of the specific requirements in the following areas
(1) loading, fast, and to meet the high-yield, high-efficiency coal production;
(2) loading gate, skip boxes and wandering mouth should be accurate positioning;
(3) an outage occurs, the doors, wandering mouth should return to the initial position, in order to skip through.
(4) the impact of small, equipment longevity, safe and reliable.
 In response to these requests and pneumatic loading devices exist, The paper introduces a PLC using the electro-hydraulic control programs, according to the principle, This control enables loading device to meet modern efficient, high-yield mine production needs.

Keywords： mine loading device；hydraulic system；