山藥多糖提取工藝正交優化

化工論文編號:HG205  論文字數:11265,頁數:23

 目 錄
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目 錄 III
1. 緒 論 1
1.1  山藥的種類及其在我國的分布 1
1.2  山藥的主要化學成分 1
1.2.1  黏蛋白 1
1.2.2  氨基酸等活性物質 1
1.2.3  尿囊素 2
1.2.4  淀粉 2
1.2.5  脂肪酸 2
1.2.6  微量和常量元素 2
1.2.7  山藥多糖 2
1.3  山藥的藥理作用 2
1.3.1  調節免疫作用 2
1.3.2  調節脾胃功能 3
1.3.3  抗衰老作用 3
1.3.4  抗腫瘤作用 3
1.3.5  抗突變作用 3
1.3.6  降血糖作用 3
1.4  山藥多糖的提取方法 4
1.4.1  水提法 4
1.4.2  CTAB沉淀法 4
1.4.3  離子交換吸附法 5
1.4.4  微波超聲輔助法 5
1.4.5  酶法 5
1.5  山藥多糖的檢測 5
1.6  山藥有效成分的優化方法 6
1.6.1  正交實驗法 6
1.6.2  響應面法 6
1.7  山藥的發展前景 6
1.7.1  國內市場 6
1.7.2  國外市場 6
1.7.3  山藥的深加工 7
2. 實驗部分 8
2.1  原料、試劑及儀器 8
2.2  實驗步驟 8
2.2.1  山藥飲片的預處理 8
2.2.2  山藥多糖的提取 8
2.2.3  苯酚－硫酸法測定葡萄糖含量 9
3. 實驗結果與討論 10
3.1  標準曲線的繪制 10
3.1.1  山藥多糖波長掃描曲線 10
3.1.2  葡萄糖標準曲線 10
3.2  單因素考察 11
3.2.1  預處理時間對收率的影響 11
3.2.2  提取時間對收率的影響 11
3.2.3  提取溫度對收率的影響 12
3.2.4  物水比對收率的影響 13
3.2.5  提取次數對收率的影響 13
3.2.6  單因素最佳條件的實驗 14
3.2.7  回收溶劑在最佳條件的實驗 14
3.3  正交設計 15
3.4  正交結果與分析 15
4. 總結與展望 17
致  謝 18
參考文獻 19

摘 要：本文對山藥多糖提取工藝進行優化，得出較佳提取條件，應用于山藥多糖的提取。實驗以山藥多糖收率為指標，對山藥預處理時間，提取過程中提取溫度、提取時間、物水質量比及提取次數，重復性，回收溶劑再利用等因素進行了單因素考察，最后用正交法分析實驗結果。實驗結果表明：山藥多糖的較優提取工藝為預處理時間2+2h，提取時間2h，提取溫度60℃，物水比1:20，提取次數1次；提取操作重復性好，溶劑回收再利用可行。通過正交設計得出較佳條件為：提取溫度65℃，提取時間2.5h，物水比1:25。
 關鍵詞：山藥多糖；提取工藝；收率；溶劑回收；正交設計

Abstract: The optimization experiment of active polysaccharide extraction of Chinese yam was carried out and the optimal extraction condition was determined, and accordingly to be used in extracting of Chinese yam polysaccharide in this articles. The experiment of yam polysaccharide yield as an index for yam pretreatment time was studied, extraction temperature, extraction time, material-water mass ratio and extraction times, repeatability, recovery and reuse of solvent and other factors in the extraction process were studied, finally the experimental results were analysied by orthogonal. The results showed that the better pre-processing time for yam polysaccharide extraction was 2+2h, extraction time was 2h, extraction temperature was
60℃, material-water ratio was 1:20, extraction times was 1; repeatability for extraction operation was good, recycling solvents were feasible. The better conditions are obtained by orthogonal design as follows: extraction temperature 65 ℃, extraction time 2.5 hours and material-water mass ratio 1:25.
 Key words: Yam polysaccharide; Extraction process; Yield; Solvent recovery; Orthogonal design