利用殼聚糖在堿化條件下與一氯乙酸反應生成羧甲基殼聚糖

論文編號:HG311   論文字數:26501,頁數:38

摘　要

 利用殼聚糖在堿化條件下與一氯乙酸反應生成羧甲基殼聚糖，并以戊二醛(GA) 為交聯劑對羧甲基殼聚糖進行交聯制備出水凝膠, 重點研究了羧甲基殼聚糖的制備工藝條件以及水凝膠的溶脹率、PH敏感性和各因素對羧甲基殼聚糖水凝膠溶脹性能的影響，如羧甲基殼聚糖脫乙酰度對水凝膠溶脹率的影響、交聯劑的濃度對水凝膠溶脹率的影響。實驗結果表明制備羧甲基殼聚糖的工藝條件：殼聚糖：氫氧化鈉：一氯乙酸(質量比)為1：5：2.5，Na0H的質量百分比濃度50%，殼聚糖低溫堿化處1-2小時，反應控制在45～50℃為宜; 反應時間隨反應溫度而不同, 一般選擇4小時左右，所得產物為白色或淡黃色固體。另外羧甲基殼聚糖的脫乙酰度、交聯劑用量對水凝膠溶脹率的影響較大。pH = 3.0時,水凝膠收縮,而pH = 1.0 ,5.0 ,7.4 ,9.0時,水凝膠溶脹,且在堿性條件下水凝膠的溶脹率遠大于酸性條件下的溶脹率。

關鍵詞　羧甲基殼聚糖  水凝膠   溶脹率  PH敏感性

Title  The preparation of carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel

Abstract
      In alkaline conditions using chitosan and TCA make of carboxymethyl chitosan, and making glutaraldehyde (GA) as the crosslinker cross-link carboxymethyl chitosan for Carboxymethyl. Focusing on the conditions of chitosan and swelling of the hydrogel, PH sensitivity and various factors on swelling properties of carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel, such as the impact of deacetylation carboxymethyl chitosan for swelling rate and the impact of crosslinker concentration for swelling rate of  hydrogel. The results show that the preparation processing conditions of carboxymethyl chitosan: chitosan: sodium hydroxide: TCA (ratio) for the 1:5:2.5. The percentage of the quality concentration of Na0H is 50%, The chitosan is treated in low temperature of alkalization for 1-2 hours,and the reaction controlled in the 45 - 50 ℃ .The reaction time varies with the temperature, generally choosing about four hours, the product is white or pale yellow solid. In addition
the deacetylation of chitosan carboxymethyl and crosslinker amount of hydrogel are important factors for swelling rate of  hydrogel.when the PH equai to 3.0, the hydrogel is shrinking, and when the pH equal to 1.0, 5.0, 7.4, 9.0 , hydrogel is swelling, and the swelling rate of gel in alkaline water conditions far greater than the ones under the acidic conditions .

Keywords   Carboxymethylchitosan  hydrogel  swelling rate  PH sensitivity

目錄
一文獻綜述 2
1.1甲殼素 2
1.1.1甲殼素的簡介 2
1.1.2甲殼素的功能 2
1.2殼聚糖 2
1.2.1殼聚糖的分子結構特征 2
1.2.2殼聚糖的理化性質 2
1.2.3殼聚糖的提取工藝 2
1.2.4殼聚糖的應用前景 2
1.2.5殼聚糖的市場現狀及前景展望 2
1.3羧甲基殼聚糖 2
1.3.1羧甲基殼聚糖的分子結構與理化性質 2
1.3.2羧甲基殼聚糖的藥理作用 10
1.3.3羧甲基殼聚糖的性能 2
1.3.4羧甲基殼聚糖在生物醫學領域的應用 2
1.3.5羧甲基殼聚糖的應用前景 2
1.4水凝膠 2
1.4.1水凝膠簡介 2
1.4.2水凝膠的制備 2
1.4.3水凝膠的性質研究 2
1.4.4水凝膠在醫學領域的研究熱點 2
1.4.5水凝膠在醫學領域的應用 2
1.5本課題的意義和創新點 2
1.5.1選題的意義 2
1.5.2創新點 2
二  實驗部分 2
2.1主要材料和儀器 2
2.1.1實驗用主要材料 2
2.1.2實驗用主要儀器 2
2.2 羧甲基殼聚糖的制備 2
2.2.1羧甲基殼聚糖的化學反應原理 2
2.2.2制備過程 2
2.3 羧甲基殼聚糖水凝膠的制備 2
2.3.1戊二醛交聯羧甲基殼聚糖原理 2
2.3.2 實驗步驟 2
2.4 水凝膠溶脹率的測定 2
2.5 羧甲基殼聚糖的脫乙酰度(DD) 對水凝膠SR 的影響 2
2.6交聯劑的濃度對水凝膠SR 的影響 2
三 結果和討論 2
3.1 羧甲基殼聚糖制備工藝的討論 2
3.2 羧甲基殼聚糖水凝膠的性能 2
3.2.1羧甲基殼聚糖水凝膠溶脹動力學 2
3.2.2羧甲基殼聚糖水凝膠的pH敏感性 2
3.3各因素對羧甲基殼聚糖水凝膠溶脹性能的影響 2
3.3.1 羧甲基殼聚糖的脫乙酰度(DD)對水凝膠SR的影響 2
3.3.2交聯劑的濃度對水凝膠SR的影響 2
四  結論 31
致    謝 32
參考文獻 33