鐵礦石國際貿(mào)易價格形成機(jī)制分析

國際貿(mào)易論文編號:GM019    包括:開題報告及任務(wù)書,論文字?jǐn)?shù):13483,頁數(shù):21

目  錄

引言 .................................................1
1 鐵礦石國際價格形成機(jī)制研究綜述 .....................2
2 鐵礦石國際貿(mào)易狀況及其價格決策模式 .................3
2.1我國鐵礦石資源特點(diǎn) ................................3
2.2 我國鐵礦石需求現(xiàn)狀及預(yù)測 .........................4
2.3鐵礦石國際貿(mào)易現(xiàn)狀 ................................6
2.4鐵礦石國際貿(mào)易價格決定的主要模式 ..................7
3 鐵礦石價格形成的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)機(jī)理解析 .....................8
3.1 鐵礦石的賣方壟斷特征及其生成機(jī)制 .................8
3.2 寡頭的簡單博弈模型 ...............................11
4.中國提高鐵礦石國際定價影響力的對策 .................14
4.1買方聯(lián)合,形成一定價格聯(lián)盟 .........................14
4.2 加強(qiáng)信息服務(wù) .....................................15
4.3 對外投資，建立多元供應(yīng)體系 .......................16
4.4宏觀調(diào)控需求量.................................... 17
5.結(jié)論 ...............................................17
參考文獻(xiàn) .............................................19
致   謝 ..............................................20

摘   要

     近年我國鐵礦石需求量猛增，價格也飛速上漲，然而我國在鐵礦石談判定價方面影響甚微，這不僅威脅著我國資源供給安全也使我國蒙受巨大經(jīng)濟(jì)損失，針對此種情況本文進(jìn)行了如下研究：通過研究近年鐵礦石海上貿(mào)易量，預(yù)測鐵礦石需求趨勢，然后通過對出口國的研究，判定鐵礦石市場為典型的賣方寡頭市場；再運(yùn)用微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論分析寡頭壟斷下社會福利的損失問題，通過買賣雙方納什博弈均衡的分析得出有益買方的聯(lián)合決策，通過分析買賣雙方市場勢力均衡過程得出如何使鐵礦石從單邊壟斷轉(zhuǎn)化為雙邊壟斷。最后在前面分析的基礎(chǔ)上提出如何提高我國鐵礦石國際定價影響力的對策，包括買方聯(lián)合形成一定價格聯(lián)盟；加強(qiáng)信息服務(wù)；對外投資，建立多元供應(yīng)體系；宏觀調(diào)控需求量。
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】鐵礦石  國際貿(mào)易  價格  形成機(jī)制

 Abstract

The demand and price of the iron ore which China imported is increasing sharply in recent years. However, China doesn’t have a strong influence in the pricing of iron ore international trade. This situation not only threatened the security of resource supplying but also brought great financial loss to China. This paper first predicts the trend of the iron ore demand through studying the trade amount of export and import countries. Second, it analyses the export countries and defines the international iron ore market as a typical seller-monopoly market. Then, it analyses the social welfare of oligarch monopoly market by using the microeconomics theories and find there exist dead weight loss. Then it concludes some beneficial strategies for buyer to become allied through analyzing the Nush Equilibrium and educes how to change the international iron ore market from unilateral monopoly to bilateral monopoly through exploring the process of the balance of the buyer and the seller’s market power in the international trade market. Finally, on the basis of analysis, it puts forward some measures to improve the ability in international iron ore pricing, including that the buyer should become allied, should strengthen information service, should launch   investment on aboard and to build a multi-supplying system.
  【key words】 Iron ore;  International trade;  Price ;  Pricing mechanism