浙江是我國民營經濟最活躍、產業(yè)集群發(fā)展最早的地區(qū)之一，而臺州是我國最大的縫制設備生產基地。在國際金融危機的背景下，臺州的縫制設備企業(yè)面臨日益加劇的國際競爭。目前對產業(yè)集群競爭力的理論分析 ,大多是套用波特的國家競爭力鉆石模型。雖然波特的理論在全球傳播很廣 ,可是該理論的分析主要集中于宏觀上的國家層次 ,分析的背景也都是發(fā)達國家相對比較成熟的產業(yè)集群。考慮到發(fā)展中國家產業(yè)集群存在制度與基礎條件的差異，且波特的國家競爭優(yōu)勢理論更多是基于靜態(tài)要素的分析，而產業(yè)集群是一個動態(tài)的網絡化系統(tǒng)，具有整體性、關聯(lián)性、動態(tài)性及有序性等特點，因此難以直接套用波特的“鉆石模型”來評價我國的產業(yè)集群競爭力。
本文從理論分析入手，首先對有關產業(yè)集群競爭力的文獻進行了回顧，對產業(yè)集群競爭力進行定義；其次分析臺州縫制設備產業(yè)集群的概況及其形成原因；第三，在波特的國家競爭優(yōu)勢理論框架下，結合臺州具體情況嵌入作為產業(yè)集群競爭力區(qū)位的“人文環(huán)境”因素構建產業(yè)集群競爭力的“新鉆石模型” (New Diamonds Model )，認為產業(yè)集群競爭力是由4個基本競爭力因子 (要素條件、需求條件、相關及支持性產業(yè)和企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略、企業(yè)結構和同業(yè)競爭) 和兩個輔助因子 (人文環(huán)境和政府)相互作用而共同形成的。最后，結合具體情況對如何提高臺州縫制設備業(yè)集群競爭力提出建議。
關鍵詞：臺州縫制設備業(yè) “新鉆石模型” 產業(yè)集群競爭力
對策
ABSTRACT
Zhejiang is China’s most active private economy and one of the earlist development regions of industry cluster ,and Taizhou is the largest production base of sewing equipment.In the international financial crisis,Taizhou sewing equipment enterprises are facing increasing international competition.At present,the competitiveness of industrial clusters on the theoretical analysis,are applied to Porter's diamond model of national competitiveness. While Porter's theory have used in the global widely, but the theoretical’s analysis mainly focuses on the macro level, national level,the analysis of the context of developed countries are relatively mature industry cluster.Considering the differences between system and the basic condition in developing countries’s industrial clusters, we know porter’s national competitive advantage theory is based on the more static elements of the analysis, and industry cluster is a dynamic network-based system, which has the characteristics of comprehensive,interrelated ,the dynamic nature ,thus it is difficult to directly apply the Porter “Diamond Model” to eva luate China's industrial cluster competitiveness.
In this paper，starting from the theoretical analysis,first of all,we conduct a review of the literature on the competitiveness and define the noun;Second,have an overview of Taizhou Sewing Machine industrial clusters,know the reasons how it forms ; Third, under Porter's theory of national competitive advantage framework,combined with the specific circumstances of Taizhou and embed the “human environment” factor in the competitiveness of industrial clusters to build the “new diamond model”(New Diamonds Model).The new diamond model have four basic competitive factor (factor conditions,demand conditions,related and supporting industries and corporate strategy,corporate structure and competition) and two auxiliary factor (human environment and the government) interaction formed together.Finally,considering the specific conditions give proposals on how to improve Taizhou sewing equipment industry cluster competitiveness.
