多功能數(shù)字鐘設(shè)計(jì)與制作

電子機(jī)電論文編號(hào):JD645  論文字?jǐn)?shù):13129,頁數(shù):34

目  錄

摘  要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ

1  緒論 1
1.1  課題背景 1
1.2  引言 2
2  設(shè)計(jì)指標(biāo)及要求 3
2.1  設(shè)計(jì)目的 3
2.2  設(shè)計(jì)指標(biāo) 3
2.2.1  基本功能 3
2.2.2  擴(kuò)展功能 3
2.3 設(shè)計(jì)要求 3
2.4 方案論證與比較 3
3 數(shù)字鐘的組成和基本工作原理 5
3.1  原理與組成 5
3.1.1  振蕩器 6
3.1.2  分頻器電路 6
3.1.3  計(jì)數(shù)器 7
3.1.4  譯碼顯示電路 7
3.1.5  校時(shí)電路 7
3.1.6  報(bào)時(shí)電路 7
4  設(shè)計(jì)步驟與方法 8
4.1  振蕩電路 8
4.2  分頻器電路 8
4.3  計(jì)數(shù)器 9
4.3.1  計(jì)數(shù)器六十進(jìn)制的接法 10
4.3.2  二十四進(jìn)制計(jì)數(shù)器的接法 10
4.4  譯碼顯示電路 12
4.5  校時(shí)電路 14
4.6  整點(diǎn)報(bào)時(shí)電路 15
4.6.1  控制門電路部分 16
4.6.2  音響電路部分 16
5 組裝與調(diào)試 18
5.1  接通電源逐步調(diào)試 18
5.2  按順序?qū)﹄娐愤B線和調(diào)試 18
5.2.1  調(diào)試過程 19
5.2.2  具體調(diào)試步驟及方法 20
5.2.3  系統(tǒng)操作方法 20
5.2.4  誤差分析 20
6  設(shè)計(jì)體會(huì) 21
7  結(jié)論 22
參考文獻(xiàn) 23
附錄  元器件表 24
致謝 30

摘  要

多功能數(shù)字鐘采用數(shù)字電路實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)“時(shí)”、“分”、“秒”數(shù)字顯示的計(jì)時(shí)裝置。具有時(shí)間顯示、鬧鐘設(shè)置、報(bào)時(shí)功能、校正作用。走時(shí)準(zhǔn)確、顯示直觀、精度、穩(wěn)定等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。電路裝置十分小巧,安裝使用也方便。同時(shí)在日期中，它以其小巧，價(jià)格低廉，走時(shí)精度高，使用方便，功能多，便于集成化而受廣大消費(fèi)的喜愛。
數(shù)字鐘從原理上講是一種典型的數(shù)字電路，其中包括了組合邏輯電路和時(shí)序電路。目前，數(shù)字鐘的功能越來越強(qiáng)，并且有多種專門的大規(guī)模集成電路可供選擇。
從有利于學(xué)習(xí)的角度考慮，這里主要介紹以中小規(guī)模集成電路設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)字鐘的方法。
經(jīng)過了數(shù)字電路設(shè)計(jì)這門課程的系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)，特別經(jīng)過了關(guān)于組合邏輯電路與時(shí)序邏輯電路部分的學(xué)習(xí)，我們已經(jīng)具備了設(shè)計(jì)小規(guī)模集成電路的能力，借由本次設(shè)計(jì)的機(jī)會(huì)，充分將所學(xué)的知識(shí)運(yùn)用到實(shí)際中去。
本次課程設(shè)計(jì)要求設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)數(shù)字鐘，基本要求為數(shù)字鐘的時(shí)間周期為24小時(shí)，數(shù)字鐘顯示時(shí)、分、秒，數(shù)字鐘的時(shí)間基準(zhǔn)一秒對(duì)應(yīng)現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的時(shí)鐘的一秒。供擴(kuò)展的方面涉及到定時(shí)自動(dòng)報(bào)警、按時(shí)自動(dòng)打鈴、定時(shí)廣播、定時(shí)啟閉路燈等。因此，研究數(shù)字鐘及擴(kuò)大其應(yīng)用，有著非常現(xiàn)實(shí)的意義。

關(guān)鍵字  晶體振蕩器，分頻器，計(jì)數(shù)器，顯示器和校時(shí)電路
   

基本功能
（1）時(shí)鐘顯示功能，能夠正確顯示“時(shí)”、“分”、“秒”。
（2）具有快速校準(zhǔn)時(shí)、分、秒的功能。
擴(kuò)展功能
（1）用晶體振蕩器產(chǎn)生一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)頻率（1Hz）的脈沖信號(hào)。
（2）具有整點(diǎn)報(bào)時(shí)的功能。
（3）具有鬧鐘的功能。

ABSTRACT

Multi-function digital clock digital circuit of "when", "sub", "seconds" The figures show that the timing device. Time display, alarm clock settings, time function, the role of calibration. Accurate travel time shows that intuitive, precision, stability, and so on. Circuit is very compact device, the installation is also easy to use. At the same time, the date, it has its small, low cost, travel time and high precision, easy-to-use, functionality, and ease of integration by the majority of popular consumption.
Digital clock from the principle of speaking is a typical digital circuits, including combinational logic circuits and sequential circuits. At present, the function of the number of minutes getting stronger and stronger, and a variety of special large-scale integrated circuits to choose from. Conducive to learning from the point of view, here are introduced to small and medium-sized digital clock integrated circuit design approach.
After the digital circuit design this course to learn the system, in particular, has been on the combinational logic circuit and sequential logic circuit part of the study, we already have a design capacity of small-scale integrated circuits, by design by the opportunity to study the full apply knowledge to practice.
The curriculum design of a digital clock design, the basic requirements for the number of minutes for the 24-hour cycle, the digital clock display hours, minutes, seconds, the number of minutes a second benchmark real-life counterparts of the second clock. For the expansion relates to the timing of the automatic alarm, automatic playing time bell, regular radio, street lamps and so on from time to time headstock. Thus, digital clock and to expand its applications, has a very practical significance.

Keywords  crystal oscillator, prescaler, counters, displays and school circuit