基于DSP的FIR濾波器設計

電子機電論文編號:JD647  論文字數:21201,頁數:45

目  錄

摘  要 I
ABSTRACT II

1  緒  論 1
1.1 數字濾波器的優點 1
1.2 數字濾波器的發展動態 2
1.3 數字濾波器的實現方法 2
1.4 本文的研究內容 3
2  數字濾波器理論研究 4
2.1 數字濾波器的定義和分類 4
2.2 FIR數字濾波器結構 4
2.3 IIR與FIR數字濾波器的比較 5
3  數字濾波器的計算機輔助設計 7
3.1 濾波器的表達方式 7
3.1.1 濾波器的傳遞函數模型 7
3.1.2 濾波器的狀態方程模型 8
3.1.3 濾波器的零極點增益模型 9
3.1.4 濾波器數學模型之間的相互轉換 9
3.2 FIR濾波器的MATLAB輔助設計 11
3.2.1 FIR數字濾波器的設計 11
3.2.2 MATLAB中FIR數字濾波器相關函數 12
3.3 MATLAB軟件數字濾波器仿真結果 14
4  TMS320VC5402的硬件結構 20
4.1 TMS320VC5402的基本結構 20
4.2 TMS320C54X的中央處理單元（CPU） 21
4.3 存儲器體系結構 23
4.3.1 物理存儲器組織 23
4.3.2 存儲器映像（Memory Map） 24
4.4 指令系統 25
4.5 尋址方式 26
4.6 片上外設 28
5  數字濾波器的TMS320VC5402定點實現 30
5.1 DSP芯片的定點運算 30
5.2 系統初始化程序設計 31
5.3 軟件開發環境及實現數字濾波程序設計流程 32
5.3.1 CCS簡介 32
5.3.2 CCS的主要功能 32
5.3.3 軟件開發過程 34
5.3.4 數字濾波器程序設計流程 34
5.3.5 FIR程序設計 35
5.3.6 FIR濾波器的DSP實現 36
結  論 39
參 考 文 獻 40
致  謝 41

摘  要

20世紀60年代以來，隨著計算機和信息技術的飛速發展，有力地推進和促進了DSP技術的發展進程。在過去的二十多年的時間里，DSP技術已經在通信等領域得到了極為廣泛的應用。
可編程DSP（digital signal processor）是一種能夠快速進行數字信號處理的特殊微處理器，而數字濾波器是DSP的基本應用之一．通過介紹利用DSP技術，采用線性緩沖區和帶移位雙操作尋址的方法實現FIR濾波器的設計．目前所見文獻，多數為濾波器的模型設計，所得結果只是在MATLAB等實驗環境下模擬仿真完成，帶有很大的局限性，而FIR數字濾波器可在TMS320C5402 DSK系統板上實現，保證了仿真和實現結果的一致性。
本論文主要研究了數字濾波器的基本理論，基于TI公司的數字信號處理器TMS320VC5402設計了一款穩定度高，低功耗的數字濾波器系統。主要工作如下：
(1)研究了數字濾波器的基本理論，以及數字濾波器的實現方法。
(2)研究分析了如何利用MATLAB仿真軟件來設計出符合各種要求的數字濾波器。并采用了相關的函數設計了幾款常用的FIR數字濾波器，并得到了濾波器的相關系數，為利用DSP實現數字濾波做好了一些前期的工作。
(3)研究了TMS320VC5402器件的結構和特性，根據該數字信號處理器的獨特的特點，設計合適的系統架構，為實現數字濾波器系統提供了穩定的硬件平臺。
(4)根據TI公司5000系列數字信號處理器的基本結構和特征，充分利用其片上資源，結合MATLAB軟件的仿真，用軟件實現高性能穩定的數字濾波器。

關鍵詞  數字濾波器，DSP，FIR數字濾波器

ABSTRACT

Since the 1960s, as computers and the rapid development of information technology, effectively promoting the DSP technology and the promotion of the development process. In the past 20 years of time, DSP technology in the areas of communication has been extremely wide range of applications.
Programmable digital signal processor is a kind of special microprocessor which can do digital signal processing rapidly. Digital filter is one of its basic application. This text introduced a method which makes use of DSP technique, the adoption of linear buffer with the method which takes to move bits and to look for address with dual operations to carry out a FIR filter＇s design. All the documents at the present, in which there are many designs of filter＇s model. Only using the MATLAB software to carry on imitating real, in which there is much limitation. The FIR filter can be carried out at the TMS320C5402 DSK system plank and it promises to the consistency between imitating real and the result of carrying out.
The mostly important task of this paper is researching the basic theories of digital filter, base on the TMS320VC5402 of TI company design filter system with high stability and low power consume. Main task as following:
Research the basic theory of digital filter and the method of realize of digital filer.
Research and analyze how to use the simulate software of MATLAB to design the required finite impulse response digital filter. Use several function design some universal digital filter, get the coefficient of digital filter, prepare the prophase task of design a digital filter base on DSP.
Research the structure and characteristic of TMS320VC5402, according to the particular characteristic of this digital signal processor, design a rationalization system structure of digital filter.Offer a stability hardware system to realize digital filter.
According to the basic structure and characteristic of spectrum 5000 digital signal processor of TI, make the best use of the resource on chip, combined with simulate software MATLAB, realized high performance and high stability digital filter.

Key words: Digital filter, DSP (Digital Signal Processor), FIR (Finite Impulse response) digital filter