基于單片機的溫度測量系統設計

電子機電論文編號:JD1015  論文字數:17554,頁數:46

 目 錄
第1章 緒 論 1
1.1本課題的研究意義 1
1.2溫度測量系統的國內外發展狀況 1
1.3 本課題的主要工作和目標 2
第2章 系統方案論證 3
2.1 溫度傳感器的選擇 3
2.2主控制器的選擇 5
2.3 系統總體方案 5
第3章 系統硬件設計 7
3.1 CPU的選擇 7
3.2電源電路設計 11
3.3 看門狗電路設計 11
3.4 鍵盤及顯示電路設計 12
 3.4.1鍵盤電路 12
 3.4.2顯示電路 13
3.5 報警電路設計 14
3.6　溫度檢測電路設計 15
 3.6.1單總線技術 15
 3.6.2 DS18B20測溫原理 17
 3.6.3 DS18B20構成的單總線溫度檢測系統 23
3.7串口通訊電路 25
第4章 系統軟件設計 27
4.1 概述 27
4.2 主程序方案 27
4.3溫度采集與顯示方案 28
第5章 結 論 30
參考文獻 31
致 謝 33
附 錄Ⅰ總體硬件連接圖 34

附 錄Ⅱ 程序清單 35

摘 要
 隨著時代的進步和發展，單片機技術已經普及到我們生活、工作、科研、各個領域，已經成為一種比較成熟的技術, 本文主要介紹了一個基于AT89C51單片機的測溫系統，描述了利用數字溫度傳感器DS18B20測溫系統的過程，對傳感器在單片機下的硬件連接，軟件編程以及各模塊系統流程進行了分析，對各部分的電路也一一進行了介紹,該系統可以方便的實現溫度采集和顯示，靈敏度高、體積小、功耗低等優點，適合于我們日常生活和工、農業生產中的溫度測量，也可以當作溫度處理模塊嵌入其它系統中，作為其他主系統的輔助擴展。
 本設計運用主從分布式思想，由一臺上位機（PC微型計算機），下位機（單片機）多點溫度數據采集，組成兩級分布式多點溫度測量的巡回檢測系統。該系統采用 RS-232串行通訊標準，通過上位機（PC）控制下位機（單片機）進行現場溫度采集。該測溫系統能取得并顯示8點的溫度數據，可直接應用在一些需要測量溫度的場合。
 本設計的多點溫度測量系統由單片機、測溫電路、報警電路、鍵盤/顯示接口電路、顯示模塊和鍵盤接口模塊共6個模塊組成。本文對以上六個部分的軟硬件設計作了詳細的闡述，介紹了核心芯片的選型，外圍電路的連接，芯片與芯片之間的連接電路，程序設計方法和相應的軟件程序。
 本系統結構簡單，抗干擾能力強，適合于惡劣環境下進行現場溫度測量，有廣泛的應用前景
 
 關鍵字：DS18B20  多點測溫  單片機
 
 

Abstract
 With the era of progress and development, SCM technology has spread to our lives, work, research, in various fields, has become a relatively mature technology, introduced a paper-based AT89C51 SCM temperature measurement system, described The use of digital temperature sensors DS18B20 temperature measurement system process, the sensor in the SCM hardware connection, software programming and the modular system processes an analysis of the various parts of the circuit also were introduced on January 1, the system can be Facilitate the realization of acquisition and display temperature, high sensitivity, small size, low power consumption advantages suited to our daily lives and industrial and agricultural production in the temperature measurements, as the temperature processing module can be embedded in other systems, as the other Supporting expansion of the main system.
 This design from the use of the main ideological and distributed by a stage crew (PC micro-computers), the next crew (SCM) multi-point temperature data collection, composed of two multi-point temperature measurement Distributed roving detection system. The system uses RS-232 serial communication standards, through the host computer (PC) under the control of crew (SCM) on-site temperature acquisition. The temperature measurement system to obtain and display eight of temperature data, can be directly applied in a number of occasions the need to measure temperature..
The design of the multi-point temperature measurement system by the microcontroller, temperature measurement circuit, alarm circuits, keyboard / display interface circuits, modules and keyboard interface module total of six modules. In this paper, more than six parts of the hardware and software design a detailed exposition on the Selection of the core chip, the external circuit connections, chip and the connection between the circuit chip, program design methods and the corresponding software programs.
The system is simple, strong anti-interference capability, suitable for harsh environments spot temperature measurement．It will have a broad prospect.
 
 Key words :DS18B20 multi-point measurements of temperature  single chip microcomputer