基于CAN總線的教學(xué)模擬汽車(chē)模型的設(shè)計(jì)

電子機(jī)電論文編號(hào):JD1016  論文字?jǐn)?shù):20927,頁(yè)數(shù):59 

  
目 錄
 第1章 緒 論 1
1.1 CAN總線在汽車(chē)中的應(yīng)用 1
1.2 基于CAN總線的教學(xué)模擬汽車(chē)模型的設(shè)計(jì)的目的與意義 2
1.3 基于CAN總線的教學(xué)模擬汽車(chē)模型的設(shè)計(jì)的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容 2
1.4 基于CAN總線的教學(xué)模擬汽車(chē)模型的設(shè)計(jì)關(guān)鍵技術(shù) 3
 第2章 系統(tǒng)的總體方案 4
2.1 系統(tǒng)概述 4
2.2 系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)工作過(guò)程及原理 4
 第3章 系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì) 6
3.1 CAN接口電路模塊 6
 3.1.1 CAN總線硬件介紹 6
 3.1.2 獨(dú)立CAN總線控制器SJA1000 7
 3.1.3 CAN總線驅(qū)動(dòng)器PCA82C250 10
 3.1.4 CAN接口電路硬件設(shè)計(jì) 12
3.2 主系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) 13
 3.2.1 電源模塊的設(shè)計(jì) 14
 3.2.2 微處理器模塊的選擇 14
 3.2.3 電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)模塊的設(shè)計(jì) 18
 3.2.4 液晶顯示模塊 20
 3.2.5 按鍵接口模塊 20
3.3 從系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) 23
 3.3.1 后輪步進(jìn)電機(jī)模塊的設(shè)計(jì) 23
 3.3.2 報(bào)警電路模塊 23
 第4章 系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì) 25
4.1 軟件設(shè)計(jì)思想 25
4.2 通信協(xié)議的設(shè)計(jì) 25
 4.2.1 電機(jī)通信協(xié)議的設(shè)計(jì) 25
 4.2.2 CAN通信協(xié)議的設(shè)計(jì) 26
4.3 系統(tǒng)軟件主流程圖設(shè)計(jì) 26
4.4 系統(tǒng)軟件子流程圖設(shè)計(jì) 27
 4.4.1 從控制器子程序流程圖 27
 4.4.2 按鍵子程序流程圖 28
 4.4.3 CAN中斷程序流程圖 29
 4.4.4 步進(jìn)電機(jī)子程序流程圖 30
 第5章 結(jié) 論 31
 參考文獻(xiàn) 32
 致 謝 34
 附 錄Ⅰ 系統(tǒng)的總體硬件圖  35
 附 錄Ⅱ 系統(tǒng)的軟件編程  50
 附 錄Ⅲ 機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)圖 52

摘 要
 在當(dāng)今汽車(chē)電子控制網(wǎng)絡(luò)中，CAN總線發(fā)揮著不可替代的作用，將復(fù)雜的通訊網(wǎng)絡(luò)化為一體，高速、可靠的實(shí)現(xiàn)了車(chē)輛的控制與運(yùn)行。汽車(chē)作為生活中的一種重要交通工具之一，為使學(xué)生能更好的了解CAN總線在汽車(chē)中的應(yīng)用，設(shè)計(jì)出基于CAN總線的教學(xué)模擬汽車(chē)模型，汽車(chē)模型主要用于教學(xué)演示，達(dá)到輔助教學(xué)的目的。
 本系統(tǒng)將玩具電動(dòng)車(chē)改裝成為所需的汽車(chē)模型，系統(tǒng)采用主從控制模式。用主控制器控制前輪步進(jìn)電機(jī)，從控制器控制后輪步進(jìn)電機(jī)，電動(dòng)車(chē)要仿照現(xiàn)實(shí)中的真車(chē)一樣進(jìn)行主從通信，所以CAN總線將被用于電動(dòng)車(chē)內(nèi)部主從控制器之間進(jìn)行通信。以AT89S52作為系統(tǒng)的控制核心，主要由驅(qū)動(dòng)電路，檢測(cè)信號(hào)電路，電源電路，按鍵、顯示電路，總線接口電路，報(bào)警電路等其他輔助電路構(gòu)成，利用功能鍵進(jìn)行控制，實(shí)現(xiàn)所要執(zhí)行的功能。根據(jù)所要執(zhí)行的功能選擇相應(yīng)的按鍵代碼，控制電動(dòng)車(chē)的啟停、調(diào)速、前進(jìn)、倒車(chē)、轉(zhuǎn)向、燈光照明、儀表顯示等功能。
 如今，CAN總線已成為汽車(chē)電子控制裝置之間通信的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)總線，在汽車(chē)分布式控制系統(tǒng)中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。基于CAN總線的汽車(chē)模型布線較簡(jiǎn)單，避免了繁瑣的大量布線。汽車(chē)模型的工作過(guò)程也簡(jiǎn)單明了，易于學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)。
 
 關(guān)鍵詞：CAN總線；電動(dòng)車(chē)；AT89S52；步進(jìn)電機(jī)

Abstract
At present in automotive electronic control network, CAN bus plays an irreplaceable role, and just uses two simple cables to put cars interior’s vast, complex communications networks into one, high-speed, reliable to achieve the control and operation of the vehicle. The vehicle is an important means of transport in the life. In order to make students understand the CAN bus in the application of vehicles better, the teaching simulation model of the vehicle which bases on the CAN bus is designed, the car model will mainly be applied to teaching demonstrations to assist teaching purposes.
 This system will be converted into electric car toys for the car model, the system uses master-slave control model. Front-wheel-stepper motor will be controlled by the main controller, the stepper motor will be controlled by the slave controller, electric car’s communication will follow the true car in real life, so CAN bus will be used within the electric vehicles which between the main-slave controller of the communications. AT89S52 is used as the core of the control in the system; the system is consisted of the driven circuit, signal detection circuit, the power circuit, keys, show circuit, bus interface circuits, alarm circuits and other auxiliary circuit, using function keys to achieve the implementation of the functions. According to the functions to select the appropriate button code, controlling electric car’s starting, stopping, speeding, forwarding, reversing, steering, lighting, instrument display, and other functions.
Nowadays, CAN bus have become the standard bus among electronic vehicle control devices of communication; it has been widely used in car distributed control system. To avoid a large number of wiring, Model bus based on CAN bus wires simply. The work process car model is simple and clear, students can learn easily.

 Key words：CAN bus；Electric vehicles；AT89S52；Stepper motor