吸收式制冷系統的特點及應用分析

電子論文編號:JD1104  論文字數:15300,頁數:21   

目錄

第一章    緒論   5
1 - 1      綜述   5
1 - 2      吸收式制冷技術的研究現狀   6
1 – 2 - 1   吸收式制冷技術的發展   6
1 – 2 - 2   吸收式制冷技術的研究現狀          6
1 - 3      本課題研究的目的、意義和內容          10
1 – 3 - 1   研究的目的       10
1 – 3 - 2   研究的意義       10
1 - 3 - 3   研究的內容    10
第二章    氨- 溴化鋰- 水吸收制冷循環概述    11
2 - 1      吸收式制冷原理     12
2 - 2      單級氨吸收制冷循環   12
2 - 2 - 1    循環流程    12
2 - 3      提高氨吸收式制冷機組效率的途徑   13
2 - 4      本章小結   14
第三章    溴化鋰吸收式制冷機的應用分析    14
3 - 1      引言          14
3 - 2      溴化鋰吸收式制冷循環的原理       14
3 - 3      溴化鋰吸收式制冷機的應用分析    15
3 - 3 - 1   溴化鋰吸收式制冷機的環保效益      16
3 – 3 - 2 溴化鋰吸收式制冷機的節電效益           16
3 - 3 - 3   溴化鋰吸收式制冷機節電不節能   16
3 - 3 - 4   溴化鋰吸收式制冷機的節能效益   17
3 - 3 - 5   直燃式溴化鋰吸收式制冷機冷熱水機組的優勢   17
3 - 4      本章小結                 18
第四章 結論              18
參考文獻                 20
致謝            21

摘要

 吸收式制冷因其具有耗電少、能源適應性強、制冷工質對環境無影響等優點而成為制冷空調領域近幾年的研究焦點。天然氣作為-種清潔能源，在能源消費結構中的比重將有較大提高。因此對直燃型戶式空調系統的研究有重要的理論和現實意義。本文主要對-種新型吸收式制冷系統-中壓雙效復疊吸收式制冷系統進行了研究，目標主要是滿足直燃型戶式空調系統的小型化、風冷條件，并具有較高的性能系數。
 在前人對氨/水工質對熱力學性質研究的基礎上編制了計算氨水溶液熱力性質的通用程序，其計算結果與文獻中的數據符合較好，可以用于設計氨水吸收式制冷系統中氨水溶液熱力性質的計算。
 在中壓雙效復疊吸收式制冷系統的基礎上進行了進-步研究分析，研究提出在風冷條件下，該類系統應回收精餾熱以提高COP。并建立了該系統的數學模型，編制了計算程序，對改進的新型中壓雙效復疊吸收式制冷系統的性能及其影響因素進行了分析計算，其結果為該類系統的設計應用提供了理論依據。
 同時，對這種新型吸收式制冷系統的火用損失進行了研究，結果表明，在此循環中，發生器、吸收器、溶液熱交換器的朋損失較大，為進-步有效利用能量，進行系統優化指明了方向。
 
關鍵詞:氨水溶液，吸收式制冷系統，直燃型，溴化鋰吸收制冷機

THE STUDY OF ABSORTION REFRIGERATION SYSTEM

ABSTRACT

 Absorption refrigeration has become the focus of research in there refrigeration field in recent years because it has a lot of merits such as little power consumption，great energy adaptability， no influence for the environment about working fluids etc. As a clean energy，natural gas will be applied extensively in the energy consumption structure. So research of gas-fired air conditioning has an important theoretical and practical significance .In this paper，a new type of absorption refrigeration system-middle pressure double-effect cascade cycle was studied. The aim is to meet gas-fired air conditioning miniaturization and air-cooling. In addition，the system should have high Coefficient of Performance(COP).
 A general program was compiled to calculate the thermophysics property of ammonia-water solution on the base of research of others. The result is tallied with the data which literature has given.  So the program can be used to design ammonia-water absorption refrigeration system.
 The middle pressure double-effect cascade cycle was studied and analyzed. The analyzed result indicates that  rectified heat should be reclaimed in such systems. A mathematic model about this system was established. Performance of this system and its influencing factor was calculated and analyzed exclusively. Those conclusions provide theoretical method for designation of such kind of absorption refrigeration system.
 In addition，exergy loss about the system was studied. The result indicates that generator and absorber and solution heat-exehange equipment have a high exergy loss. Those conclusions provide a basic guideline for further effective use energy and proceed system optimization.
KEYWORDS: ammonia-water solution，absorption refrigeration system，exergy loss，rectified heat，air-cooling，gas-fired.