ZFS100002545中位放頂煤液壓支架

機械論文編號:JX168 所有圖紙,任務書,論文字數:37321.頁數:101

目    錄

1 序論 …………………………………………………………………………1
  1.1 國內外液壓支架的現狀………………………………………………1
  1.1.1 國外液壓支架現狀…………………………………………………1
  1.1.2 國內液壓支架技術現狀…………………………………………2
  1.2支護設備的用途和種類………………………………………………3
  1.3液壓支架工作原理……………………………………………………3
  1.4液壓支架的分類………………………………………………………6
1.5液壓支架結構…………………………………………………………9
1.5.1支撐式支架…………………………………………………………9
1.5.2掩護式支架…………………………………………………………10
1.5.3支撐掩護式支架……………………………………………………11
1.5.4放頂煤液壓支架……………………………………………………12
   1.6 液壓支架的設計目的、要求和基本參數………………………14
 1.6.1設計目的……………………………………………………………14
 1.6.2對液壓支架的基本要求……………………………………………14
 1.6.3設計液壓支架必需的基本參數……………………………………15
2 液壓支架的結構設計……………………………………………………15
  2.1 液壓支架的主要尺寸的確定………………………………………15
  2.1.1液壓支架以及配套設備的型號……………………………………15
 2.1.2支架高度和伸縮比…………………………………………………16
 2.1.3支架間距的確定……………………………………………………17
 2.1.4頂梁尺寸的確定……………………………………………………17
 2.1.5底座尺寸的確定……………………………………………………19
 2.1.6立柱布置……………………………………………………………19
  2.2四連桿機構的確定……………………………………………………19
  2.2.1四連桿機構的作用…………………………………………………19
  2.2.2四連桿機構的設計要求……………………………………………20
  2.2.3四連桿機構設計方法的選擇………………………………………21
  2.2.4求解過程……………………………………………………………23
  2.3支架在工作面的通風斷面積驗算……………………………………26
  2.4各部件結構選擇………………………………………………………27
  2.4.1頂梁…………………………………………………………………27
  2.4.2立柱…………………………………………………………………29
  2.4.3掩護梁和四連桿機構………………………………………………31
  2.4.4底座…………………………………………………………………31
  2.4.5側護板………………………………………………………………34
  2.4.6千斤頂…………………………………………………………………35
  2.5液壓支架性能參數的確定……………………………………………37
 2.5.1支護強度……………………………………………………………37
 2.5.2支護面積……………………………………………………………38
 2.5.3支架的有效工作阻力………………………………………………38
 2.5.4確定立柱的技術參數………………………………………………38
 2.5.5泵站壓力的確定……………………………………………………39
 2.5.6千斤頂參數的確定……………………………………………………39
3 液壓支架的強度設計……………………………………………………39
 3.1概述……………………………………………………………………39
 3.1.1液壓支架工作狀態…………………………………………………39
 3.1.2計算載荷的確定……………………………………………………40
 3.2液壓支架受力分析與計算……………………………………………41
 3.2.1支架整體受力分析…………………………………………………43
 3.2.2頂梁的受力分析與計算……………………………………………43
 3.2.3掩護梁的受力分析與計算…………………………………………46
 3.2.4底座的受力分析與計算……………………………………………48
 3.3頂梁載荷分布…………………………………………………………49
 3.4底座接觸比壓…………………………………………………………50
4 液壓支架的強度計算……………………………………………………53
 4.1強度條件………………………………………………………………53
 4.2液壓支架的強度校核…………………………………………………54
 4.2.1前梁強度校核………………………………………………………54
 4.2.2主頂梁強度校核……………………………………………………58
 4.2.3底座強度校核………………………………………………………64
 4.2.4 掩護梁的強度校核………………………………………………69
 4.2.5 前梁千斤頂的強度驗算…………………………………………73
 4.2.6立柱強度校核……………………………………………………75
 4.2.7 前連桿強度校核及對應銷軸 ……………………………………82
 4.2.8 后連桿強度校核及對應銷軸 ……………………………………84
5 液壓支架的液壓系統 ……………………………………………………85
  5.1立柱和千斤頂…………………………………………………………86
 5.2支架液壓閥……………………………………………………………87
 5.2.1液控單向閥…………………………………………………………87
 5.2.2安全閥………………………………………………………………87
 5.2.3操縱閥………………………………………………………………88
 5.3液壓支架液壓原理圖…………………………………………………88
 5.4液壓支架的控制方式…………………………………………………89
 5.4.1手動控制……………………………………………………………89
 5.4.2自動控制……………………………………………………………89
 5.5液壓系統安裝、調試、保養…………………………………………89
 5.5.1安裝…………………………………………………………………89
 5.5.2調試…………………………………………………………………92
 5.4.3保養…………………………………………………………………93
結論…………………………………………………………………………94
參考文獻……………………………………………………………………95
翻譯部分
 英文原文…………………………………………………………………96
 中文譯文………………………………………………………………102
致謝…………………………………………………………………………107

摘    要

      中位放頂煤液壓支架的放煤口位于支架高度的中部，即掩護梁上。工作面為雙輸送機，一前一后分別運輸采煤機的落煤和放落的頂煤。由于工作面有兩套獨立的出煤系統，采煤和放煤間干擾較少，可以實現采、放平行作業，提高工作面生產率。中位放頂煤液壓支架是當前我國應用數量較多，分布面較廣的綜放支護設備。它已不僅是一種單純維護工作面空間的支護設備，還是一種依靠礦山壓力破碎煤體，具有放煤功能的綜采設備。
 本次設計的四連桿中位放頂煤液壓支架ZFS10000/25/45，有頂梁、底座、掩護梁、立柱、前后連桿等幾部分組成。放煤口設在掩護梁上，采用兩部輸送機，架型為支撐掩護式，適用于厚煤層的開采。由于該支架采用了四連桿機構，因而受力狀態好，抗扭能力強。因此，該四連桿型式的放頂煤支架適合于傾角較大煤層的放頂煤開采。
 此支架具有受力狀態好，抗扭能力強，不易倒架，不易損壞且煤塵較小等優點，其不足之處為：（一）后輸送機置于底座上，擋煤板與架間浮煤易損壞中部槽，人工清理浮煤勞動強度大，效率低；（二）由于掩護梁不能擺動，僅靠放煤機構對跨落下來的大塊煤進行二次破煤的能力欠佳。
 
關鍵詞：四連桿； 中位放頂煤； 液壓支架
 
ABSTRACT
       The position puts against the coal powered supports to put the coal mouth to be located in the middle of supports, on the caving shield.The working surface has two conveyors, tandem separately transport the loader to fall the coal and to put against the coal.Because the working surface has two set of independent coal systems, mining coal and puts the coal room disturbance to be few, may realize pick and put on parallel operations, enhances the working surface productivity.The position puts against the coal powered supports are now adopt most in our country, the distribution are abroad synthesis of support and protect equipments. Not only it was already one kind of pure maintenance work space of support and protection equipments, one kind of dependence underground pressure broken pulverized coal body, had puts the coal function the synthesis to pick the equipment.
 In this design four-bar the position puts against coal powered support ZFS10000/25/45. It consists of canopy, base plate, caving shield, hydraulic legs, front and rear lemniscate bars and so on. The coal mouth is located in the caving shield, uses two conveyors, the support type is chock shield, is suitable in thick seam mining.Because the support has used four-bar mechanism, the stressful condition is good, has stable torsional ability. Therefore, the four-bar type puts against the coal support to suit in the big inclination angle coal puts against coal mining.
 This support has the good stressful condition , has stable torsional ability, not easy to lose face, not easy to damage also the coal dust is small and so on,.Its deficiency is: (1)  Back conveyor puts base plate, keeps off the coal board and the bay floats the coal easily to damage the trough, the hand cleaning floats the coal labor intensity to be big, the efficiency is low; (2) Because caving shields are not able to swing, only depends on put the coal organization to the big lump coal which cross falls down to carry on two times broken coal abilities unsatisfactory.
Keywords：Four-bar; put the coal in the middle of supports; powered supports