皮帶輸送機(jī)斷帶保護(hù)器設(shè)計(jì)

機(jī)械論文編號:JX315  所有圖紙,任務(wù)書,外文翻譯。論文字?jǐn)?shù):44153.頁數(shù):78
目    錄

1  緒論 ................................................................1
1.1  引言............................................................... 1
1.2  國內(nèi)外皮帶的研究現(xiàn)狀 ...............................................2
1.3  皮帶斷帶抓捕工具的研究現(xiàn)狀 .........................................5
1.4  本設(shè)計(jì)研究的主要內(nèi)容 ...............................................9
2  夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................10
2.1  斷帶的原因 .........................................................10
2.2  斷帶抓捕器的性能要求 ...............................................10
2.3  夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)的組成部分及工作原理.....................................   11
2.4  夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)所需理論夾緊力的計(jì)算......................................  11
2.5  偏心輪夾緊旋轉(zhuǎn)角度與活塞桿行程的確定.............................   13
2.5.1  偏心輪夾緊旋轉(zhuǎn)角度的確定 .......................................  13
2.5.2  活塞桿行程的確定 .................................................14
2.6  偏心輪的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................14
3  液壓泵站的計(jì)算與設(shè)計(jì)................................................. 15
3.1  液壓系統(tǒng)方案的設(shè)計(jì)................................................. 15
3.2  液壓缸參數(shù)的計(jì)算 ...................................................17
3.2.1  液壓缸工作壓力及主要結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸的計(jì)算.............................   17
3.2.2  液壓缸壁厚和外徑的計(jì)算........................................... 19
3.2.3  液壓缸缸蓋厚度的確定 .............................................21
3.2.4  液壓缸缸體長度的確定 .............................................22
3.3  液壓缸結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)................................................... 22
3.3.1  缸體與缸蓋的連接形式 .............................................23
3.3.2  活塞桿與活塞的連接形式........................................... 24
3.3.3  活塞桿導(dǎo)向部分的結(jié)構(gòu)............................................. 24
3.3.4  活塞及活塞桿處密封圈的選用.....................................   24
3.3.5  液壓缸的安裝連接結(jié)構(gòu)............................................. 25
3.3.6  液壓缸主要零件的材料和技術(shù)要求.................................   25
3.4  液壓泵參數(shù)的計(jì)算與選型 .............................................28
3.5  電動機(jī)的參數(shù)計(jì)算與選型 .............................................29
3.6  液壓控制閥的選擇................................................... 30
3.7  液壓輔件的選擇 .....................................................31
3.7.1  蓄能器的計(jì)算與選型............................................... 31
3.7.2  過濾器的選型 .....................................................33
3.7.3  油箱的選型與設(shè)計(jì) .................................................34
3.7.4  管件的選擇....................................................... 37
3.7.5  密封裝置的選擇 ...................................................37
3.8  液壓泵站的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)................................................. 38
3.9  液壓泵站的安裝調(diào)試、使用維護(hù)與故障診斷...........................   39
3.9.1  液壓泵站的安裝調(diào)試............................................... 39
3.9.2  液壓泵站的使用維護(hù)............................................... 42
3.9.3  液壓泵站的故障診斷 ...............................................44
4  信號的采集與處理..................................................... 46
4.1  斷帶信號檢測 .......................................................46
4.1.1  目前常用的斷帶檢測方法 ...........................................46
4.1.2  傳感器的選擇 .....................................................46
4.2  斷帶夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)的控制系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) ...................................  48
4.2.1  控制系統(tǒng)硬件選用 .................................................48
4.2.2  斷帶檢測與控制原理............................................... 52
4.3  單片機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì) ...........................................53
5  帶式輸送機(jī)現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展趨勢 .............................................56
5.1  幾種帶式輸送機(jī)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀............................................. 56
5.2  國內(nèi)外煤礦帶式輸送機(jī)的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展 .............................. 58
5.2.1  國內(nèi)外煤礦帶式輸送機(jī)的現(xiàn)狀和研究目標(biāo) ............................ 58
5.2.2  國外煤礦用帶式輸送機(jī)技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀..................................  59
5.2.3  國內(nèi)煤礦用帶式輸送機(jī)技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀及存在問題 ........................ 59
5.3  煤礦用帶式輸送機(jī)技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢 .................................... 61
6  結(jié)論 ................................................................63
參考文獻(xiàn) ................................................................64
附 錄 A 帶式輸送機(jī)的安裝使用及維護(hù)...................................... 65
附 錄 B 帶式輸送機(jī)安全規(guī)范 ..............................................69
翻譯部分................................................................ 70
英文原文 ................................................................70
中文翻譯 ................................................................75
致謝 ...................................................................79

摘    要

      帶式輸送機(jī)是一種輸送松散物料的主要設(shè)備，因其具有輸送能力大、結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、投資費(fèi)用相對較低，以及維護(hù)方便等特點(diǎn)而被廣泛應(yīng)用于港口、碼頭、冶金、熱電廠、焦化廠及煤礦等運(yùn)輸物料。然而在長期使用過程中由于膠帶自身原因和外在因素的影響，常發(fā)生膠帶的斷帶事故，使得膠帶、減速器損壞，嚴(yán)重時(shí)可毀壞機(jī)架．造成膠帶和物料的大量堆積而停產(chǎn)，甚至人員傷亡。分析了斷帶的原因，討論了國內(nèi)外皮帶的研究現(xiàn)狀及現(xiàn)有各種皮帶斷帶抓捕工具的研究現(xiàn)狀。針對帶式輸送機(jī)斷帶的實(shí)際情況，設(shè)計(jì)了偏心輪夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)，主要為能實(shí)現(xiàn)輸送帶斷裂后夾緊或防止輸送機(jī)倒轉(zhuǎn)。其整個系統(tǒng)主要由偏心輪夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)、液壓泵站和單片機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)組成。整個系統(tǒng)工作過程：通過速度傳感器動態(tài)檢測帶速的變化，由A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器輸入單片機(jī)，通過單片機(jī)進(jìn)行斷帶判斷處理與夾緊命令的輸出，動態(tài)切斷驅(qū)動滾筒電源，并使液壓泵站的電磁換向閥動作，從而啟動液壓缸夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)，實(shí)現(xiàn)斷帶的夾緊。有效減少了斷帶帶來的損失，縮短了維修的時(shí)間，提高了生產(chǎn)效率。

關(guān)鍵詞：帶式輸送機(jī)；偏心輪；單片機(jī)；速度傳感器；液壓泵站

 ABSTRACT
      Belt conveyor is a kind of main equipments which transport lax materials, it is widely used in port ,wharf ,metallurgy, hot power station, burnt turn factory and coal mine enterprise etc. To transport materials, because it is has the characteristics of great transport power, simple structure, opposite lower investment expenses and convenient breakdown maintenance etc. However in the process of using over a long period due to the influence of reason and external factor of the tape and gear reducer damage, the serious hour even can destroy the frame fixed link, resulting in great quantities pile up of the tape and material but stop production, even personnel's death and injury. The analysis settles the reason for take and research present condition and various existing leather belt which discussed domestic and international leather belt break to grasp present condition of catch the total .Aiming at the belt conveyor breaking to take of actual ,eccentric cam holding device is designed, mainly for carrying out belt conveyor after splitting clip tightly or preventing from transporting machine inversion .The whole system mainly consists of eccentric cam holding device ,hydraulic power unit and computer on-slice control system. Work process: Spread the variety that the feeling machine dynamic state examination takes soon trough a velocity transducer in put computer on-slice from A/D converter, carry on breaking to take judgment processing and clip tightly order any of exportation through a computer on-slice, the dynamic state cuts off to drive barrel power supply and make reversal valve of hydraulic power unit act. and thus start oil cylinder to clip tightly organization and carry out to break to take of clip tightly .The  valid decrease settles to take of lass, shorten the time of maintenance and raise the production efficiency.

Keywords： The belt conveyor；Eccentric cam；Computer on-slice；Velocity transducer；Hydraulic power unit