本設(shè)計(jì)是基于單片機(jī)控制的數(shù)控X-Y工作臺系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)—總體設(shè)計(jì),首先根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)對機(jī)械傳動(dòng)部件進(jìn)行計(jì)算與選型,其次是步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)的計(jì)算選型;由于系統(tǒng)采用的是半閉環(huán)控制,因此機(jī)械系統(tǒng)裝配有增量式旋轉(zhuǎn)編碼器。
在系統(tǒng)控制電路設(shè)計(jì)上,CPU采用的是AT89C52單片機(jī),通過設(shè)有輸出穩(wěn)定直流電的驅(qū)動(dòng)電源、光電隔離電路、開光量輸入電路等,大大提高了微機(jī)的抗干擾能力,防止微機(jī)受干擾而誤動(dòng)。在外圍電路的設(shè)計(jì)上,使用了可編程控制器8255A、步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片ULN2003、三態(tài)緩沖器74LS240/74LS244、鎖存器74LS373、8位8段共陰極數(shù)碼管等芯片,在外圍電路芯片的選擇上以盡量節(jié)省I/O口、性價(jià)比較高、技術(shù)成熟以及市場上通用芯片為基準(zhǔn),故控制系統(tǒng)電路結(jié)構(gòu)簡單,性能更優(yōu)越。
系統(tǒng)的人機(jī)接口設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)四行四列的矩陣式鍵盤作為指令的輸入,和一個(gè)8位8段共陰數(shù)碼管的動(dòng)態(tài)顯示電路;程序在Keil軟件進(jìn)行編譯和調(diào)試,并在Proteus環(huán)境中實(shí)現(xiàn)程序及電路的仿真。
關(guān)鍵字:步進(jìn)電機(jī) X-Y工作臺 單片機(jī) 微控制器
Design of X-Y NC Worktable Based on Microcontroller
——Overall Design
ABSTRACT
The NC XY table system design is based on the microcomputer, first, calculation and chooses the transmission parts according to the design task, second, the calculation of step motor selection; because the system uses a semi-closed loop control, the mechanical system is equipped with incremental rotary encoder.
In the control circuit design, used an AT89C52 microcontroller for CPU, with stable DC output by the driving power, optical isolation circuit and Switch output circuit and so on. Raise the level of protect their own computer interference. To prevent interference to computer malfunction.In the design of the external circuit, use a programmable controller 8255A, ULN2003 stepper motor driver IC, tri-State buffer 74LS240/74LS244, flip-latch 74LS373, 8-bit Common cathode LED digital tube and some other chips, the choices of the external circuit chip basis on try to save on I/O port, high costly with price lower, mature technology and Universal chip market,so control system circuit is Simple, and Superior performance.
Man-machine interface of the system use a 4*4 Matrix keyboard for command input, and a 8-bit common cathode LED digital tube; program compiler and debug in Keil, and use Proteus environment to achieve in the process and circuit simulation.
Key words: Step-motor X-Y table Chip-Single Microcomputer Microcontroller