機(jī)車(chē)軸承座自動(dòng)上下料專用機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)

論文編號(hào):JX1525  論文字?jǐn)?shù):15105.頁(yè)數(shù):37  附任務(wù)書(shū)，開(kāi)題報(bào)告，外文翻譯，CAD圖

 摘    要
 本次所設(shè)計(jì)的課題是:機(jī)車(chē)軸承座自動(dòng)上下料專用機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì).零件是大連機(jī)車(chē)集團(tuán)制造的機(jī)車(chē)軸承座，主要用來(lái)承載軸承。
 本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)主要研究上下料機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)，所要完成的任務(wù)包括：繪制零件圖（A1）、自動(dòng)上下料機(jī)械手結(jié)構(gòu)圖（A0）及相關(guān)零件圖，液壓原理圖（A1）和控制部分（電氣原理圖，流程圖和梯形圖）。
 設(shè)計(jì)自動(dòng)上下料機(jī)械手時(shí)，采用液壓缸來(lái)控制機(jī)械手的各個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)，分別由夾緊缸，升降缸，回轉(zhuǎn)缸和移動(dòng)缸組成。并采用PLC控制其電氣部分。
 該機(jī)械手不但可以在自動(dòng)生產(chǎn)線上完成抓取工件，提升一定高度、旋轉(zhuǎn)、移位、松開(kāi)工件等幾項(xiàng)基本功能，而且還可保證抓取可靠、靈活，送放平穩(wěn)，定位可靠。根據(jù)需要，我們采用4個(gè)自由度數(shù)的圓柱坐標(biāo)式機(jī)械手，并采用液壓系統(tǒng)驅(qū)動(dòng)和PLC控制相結(jié)合的方式。
 本文對(duì)該機(jī)械手從機(jī)、電、液三方面作了詳細(xì)介紹，著重闡述了該機(jī)械手機(jī)構(gòu)部分的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程，主要確定了夾緊液壓缸、升降液壓缸、回轉(zhuǎn)液壓缸和平移液壓缸的結(jié)構(gòu)和尺寸，并根據(jù)實(shí)際需要，設(shè)計(jì)了相應(yīng)的液壓系統(tǒng)原理圖、電氣系統(tǒng)原理圖、程序流程圖和梯形圖。

關(guān)鍵詞：機(jī)械手；液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)；PLC控制; 上下料機(jī)構(gòu)、

The motorcycle bearings the auto anticipates the appropriation organization design up and down

 Abstract
 This locomotive bearing seat’s automatic upper and lower material special-purpose mechanisms is a kind of special-purpose manipulators which is used to raise the labor productivity and engineering level of production, improve the labor condition, lighten worker's labor intensity, guarantee the safety in production and realize production for automation while the products produce in a large amount groups. According to the need, we adopt the round cylindrical coordinates type manipulators of 3 degree of freedoms and make the hydraulic pressure system’s driving and PLC controlling to combine together.
 This text has done the detailed introduction to three respects from mechanism, electricity, liquids of this manipulator. It mainly explain the organization part of this manipulator’s designing and define the structure and size of the four hydraulic, which consists of the clamp hydraulic pressure jar, the hoist or lower hydraulic pressure jar, the rotating hydraulic pressure jar and the shifting hydraulic pressure jar. According to the needs of reality, we have designed the corresponding hydraulic pressure systematic principle picture, the electric system principle picture, the procedure flow chart and the ladder chart.

Key Words：Manipulator; the hydraulic pressure system’s driving; PLC controlling

目    錄

摘    要 I
Abstract II
引　　言 1
一、自動(dòng)上下料機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì) 2
二、機(jī)械手的具體設(shè)計(jì) 3
（一）臂部的設(shè)計(jì) 3
1．夾緊缸的設(shè)計(jì) 3
2．升降缸的設(shè)計(jì) 4
3．回轉(zhuǎn)缸的設(shè)計(jì) 5
（二）機(jī)身各部分的設(shè)計(jì) 7
1.移動(dòng)缸的設(shè)計(jì) 7
2.齒輪軸的設(shè)計(jì) 9
3.滑板的設(shè)計(jì) 11
4.導(dǎo)軌的設(shè)計(jì) 12
（三）手部的設(shè)計(jì) 14
1．類型選擇 14
2．手指夾緊力的計(jì)算 14
3．手部驅(qū)動(dòng)力的計(jì)算 14
4.校核手部結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)度 15
三、機(jī)械手的液壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 18
（一）液壓系統(tǒng)的組成 18
（二）液壓缸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 18
（三）設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)的提出 19
1．機(jī)械手的動(dòng)作順序的確定 19
2．主要設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)的確定 19
（四）擬定液壓系統(tǒng)工作原理圖 20
（五）輔助裝置的選擇 23
1．油管和管接頭 23
2．濾油器 23
3．油箱 23
四、機(jī)械手的PLC控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 24
（一）PLC型號(hào)的確定 24
（二）機(jī)械手的工作循環(huán)過(guò)程 25
（三）具體控制要求 25
（四）PLC的I/O端子分配 26
（五）控制程序的設(shè)計(jì) 27
結(jié)　　論 31
參 考 文 獻(xiàn) 32