中美鋼鐵貿易摩擦的案例分析

國際貿易論文編號:GM120    論文字數:14561,頁數:22

目  錄

1  中美鋼鐵貿易摩擦問題的回顧 .........................................................2
1.1 中美鋼鐵發展情況 ..................................................................2
1.2 近期中美關于鋼鐵貿易的沖突 ........................................................3
2  中國在WTO中的第一個案件——美國鋼鐵保障措施案 ......................................4
2.1 美國201條款及其特點 ...............................................................4
2.2 美國啟動201鋼鐵保障措施的原因 .....................................................5
2.3 美國對熱軋、冷軋鋼材與不銹鋼材等種鋼鐵產品采取的保障措施違背了世貿組織的有關規則 ..5
2.4 美國所采取的調查程序與《保障措施協議》的規定不符 ..................................6
2.5 美國在通知和磋商方面有違WTO的規定 .................................................6
3  中國鋼鐵產品競爭力的國際比較 .......................................................6
3.1 鋼材品種結構及質量的國際比較 ......................................................6
3.2 技術裝備水平及開發能力的國際比較 ..................................................7
3.3 鋼鐵產品生產成本國際比較 ..........................................................8
3.4中國鋼鐵產品進出口情況 .............................................................10
4  中國與美國出現鋼鐵貿易摩擦的原因 ...................................................11
4.1 中國對美鋼鐵貿易摩擦的外部原因 ....................................................11
4.2 中國對外鋼鐵貿易摩擦的內部原因 ....................................................13
5  中美鋼鐵貿易摩擦帶來的啟示及中國企業應采取的措施................................... 15
5.1 中美鋼鐵貿易摩擦帶來的啟示 ........................................................15
5.2 中國面對鋼鐵貿易摩擦應采取的措施 ..................................................17
參考文獻 ..............................................................................21
致謝 .................................................................................22

摘   要

     鋼鐵工業是國民經濟的基礎產業，對國民經濟各個部門的發展至關重要。鋼鐵業作為國民經濟的重要產業，有其重要的戰略意義。中國自2001年底加入世界貿易組織以來，在世界市場總體持續低迷的形勢下，出口卻一直保持著較快和較大的增長幅度，與此同時，與中國有關的貿易摩擦和沖突也越來越多。中美之間的貿易占中國對外貿易的大部分比重，因此中美貿易摩擦也格外的引人關注。
    中國是世界上第一個鋼鐵產量突破2億噸的國家，近幾年鋼鐵的出口量也一直呈上升趨勢，特別是對美國的出口量。但是，雙方關于鋼鐵方面的摩擦也從未間斷，并成為近期中美貿易摩擦的焦點。我國鋼鐵業不斷遭到反傾銷指控，給我國鋼鐵業的發展帶來很大的影響。本文介紹了中美近期鋼鐵貿易摩擦的表現，分析了產生摩擦的原因，通過比較中國鋼鐵企業優勢和劣勢，提出了應對的措施。

【關鍵詞】中美鋼鐵貿易  貿易摩擦  鋼鐵保障措施案

Abstract

The iron and steel industry is the national economy foundation industry, which is very important to the national economy of each department's development. The iron and steel industry is regarded as one of the important national economy and has the important strategic significance. When China joined the World Trade Organization at the end of 2001, the exportation is continuously maintaining quick and the big growth scope under the situation of world market that is going down. At the same time, the trade friction and conflict about China is getting more and more. Between China and America's trade occupies the Chinese foreign trade the majority of proportions, therefore China and America trade friction also especially attracts attention.
China is the first steel and iron output which breaks through 200 million tons countries in the world, the steel and iron volume of exports also continuously assumes the trend of escalation in recent years, especially to US's exports. But both sides also never interrupt about the steel and iron aspect friction, and will become the focal point in the short-term between China and America trade friction. Our country steel industry encounters the counter-dumping indictment unceasingly, which brings the very tremendous influence. This article introduced the performance between China and America the steel and iron trade friction in the near future, and analyzed the reason about friction. Through comparing the China iron and steel enterprise superiority and the inferiority, then put forward proposals.

【Key Words】 Steel and iron trade between China and America;  Trade conflict; Steel and iron safeguard measure document.