摘要:火災(zāi)自動報警系統(tǒng)屬于樓宇自動化范疇,是當前樓宇自動化的一個主要構(gòu)成系統(tǒng)。其設(shè)置目的是為了防止和減少火災(zāi)危害,保護人身和財產(chǎn)安全。火災(zāi)報警技術(shù)是預(yù)防火災(zāi)的一項基礎(chǔ)工作,應(yīng)用范圍廣泛。報警早,損失少,不僅對發(fā)生火災(zāi)的單位和個人具有重要作用,而且對公安消防監(jiān)督機構(gòu)及時撲滅火災(zāi)、減少人員傷亡和財產(chǎn)損失同樣具有十分重要的現(xiàn)實意義。
火災(zāi)自動報警系統(tǒng)由觸發(fā)器件、火災(zāi)報警裝置、火災(zāi)警報裝置及具有其他輔助功能的裝置組成。隨著電子技術(shù)和計算機技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展,火災(zāi)自動報警系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)、形式越來越靈活多樣,很難精確劃分為幾種固定的模式。火災(zāi)自動報警技術(shù)趨向于智能化系統(tǒng),這種系統(tǒng)可組合成任何形式的火災(zāi)自動報警網(wǎng)絡(luò)形式,既可以是區(qū)域報警系統(tǒng),又可以是集中報警系統(tǒng)或控制中心報警系統(tǒng)形式。
所謂智能火災(zāi)自動報警系統(tǒng),應(yīng)當是:使用探測器件將火災(zāi)發(fā)生期間所產(chǎn)生的煙、溫、光等信號以模擬量形式,連同外界相關(guān)的環(huán)境參數(shù)一起傳送給報警器,報警器再根據(jù)獲取的數(shù)據(jù)及內(nèi)部存儲的大量數(shù)據(jù),利用火災(zāi)模型判據(jù)來判斷火災(zāi)是否存在,這樣的系統(tǒng)稱為智能火災(zāi)自動報警系統(tǒng)。由于該系統(tǒng)為解決火災(zāi)報警系統(tǒng)存在的兩個難題(誤報、漏報)提供了新的方法和手段,并在處理火災(zāi)真?zhèn)畏矫姹憩F(xiàn)出明顯的有效性和創(chuàng)新性,這是火災(zāi)自動報警系統(tǒng)在技術(shù)上的飛躍。從傳統(tǒng)型走向智能型,是國內(nèi)外火災(zāi)自動報警系統(tǒng)技術(shù)發(fā)展的必然趨勢。
關(guān)鍵詞:智能火災(zāi)報警器 單片機
Abstract: The fire auto alarm system belongs to the building automation category, is a current building automation compose largely system. Its establishment goal is to prevent with the reduction fire hazard, protects the person and the property safety. The fire warning technology is a fire preventing's foundation work, the application scope is widespread. The warning early, damages lacks, not only to has fire's unit and individual has the influential role, moreover to the public security fire prevention cognizant agency prompt suppress a fire, reduces the personnel casualty and the property damage has the very vital practical significance similarly. The fire auto alarm system by the trigger device, the fire alarm device, the fire alarm device and has other auxiliary function installment to be composed. Along with the electronic technology and computer technology's rapidly expand, the fire auto alarm system's structure, the form are getting more and more flexible diversely, the very difficult precise division is several kind of fixed patterns. The fire auto-alarm technology tends to the intellectualized system, this kind of system may combine any form the fire auto-alarm network form, both may be the region alarm system, and may be concentrates the alarm system or the control center alarm system form. The so-called intelligent fire auto alarm system, must be: The smoke which the use survey component has period produces, warm the fire, the light equisignal to simulate the quantity form, transmits together with the outside related environment parameter for the alarm apparatus, the alarm apparatus again the mass data which saves according to the gain data and the interior, judges the fire using the fire model criterion whether to exist, such system is called the intelligent fire auto alarm system. Because this system for the solution fire alarm system existence's two difficult problems (misinformation, failed to report) has provided the new method and the method, and displayed the obvious validity and the innovation in the processing fire truth aspect, this was the fire auto alarm system leap technically. Moves toward the intelligence from the tradition, is the domestic and foreign fire auto alarm system technological development inevitable trend.
key word: Intelligent fire alarm apparatus monolithic integrated circuit