多傳感器障礙物檢測系統的軟件設計

電子機電論文編號:JD110     字數:21559,頁數:54

目　　錄
第1章　緒論.............................................................. 1
1.1　前言 ............................................................... 1
1.2　國外汽車防撞技術.................................................... 1
第2章　障礙物檢測系統的基本原理及設計方案...............................  3
2.1　微波雷達探測器.....................................................  3
2.2　超聲波換能器 ....................................................... 4
2.3　速度傳感器 ......................................................... 7
2.4　溫度傳感器 ......................................................... 7
2.5　系統的總體設計概述.................................................  8
第3章　系統軟件設計.....................................................  9
3.1　微波雷達探測.......................................................  12
3.2　超聲波檢測 ......................................................... 12
3.2.1　超聲波發射 ....................................................... 13
3.2.2　超聲波接收 ....................................................... 19
3.3　速度檢測 ........................................................... 23
3.3.1　速度補償原理與算法 ................................................23
3.3.2　ADC功能特點及其寄存器配置..........................................24
3.4　溫度檢測......................................................  .....28
3.4.1　補償原理與算法.....................................................28
3.4.2　服務程序及其寄存器配置 ............................................28
3.5　LED動態掃描顯示......................................................30
3.6　聲音報警...................................................... ..... 31
第4章　系統調試分析及結果 ................................................33
4.1 本系統開發調試環境 .................................................. 33
4.1.1　ImageCraft ICC AVR編譯器...........................................33
4.1.2　PonyProg2000串行器件編程器 ........................................35
4.1.3　程序的下載調試 ................................................... 36
4.2　程序調試過程 ....................................................... 37
4.2.1　動態顯示 ......................................................... 38
4.2.2　超聲波信號產生 ................................................... 38
4.2.3　輸入捕捉.........................................................  39
4.2.4　超聲檢測聯機調試 ................................................. 40
結論 .................................................................... 41
參考文獻 ................................................................ 42
附錄　系統程序..........................................................  43
致謝 ....................................................... .............49

摘要：本設計較詳細地介紹了一種多傳感器障礙物檢測系統的軟件設計。該系統以單片機為核心，通過檢測微波雷達探測器的信號來適時地啟動溫度傳感器、速度傳感器、超聲波傳感器等。對這些傳感器輸出值的檢測量化，得到距離、速度、溫度等值。通過合理的計算，把這些變量因素組合在一起，對各種數據進行修正補償，得出比較精確的結果。論文描述了系統研制的理論基礎，多個傳感器功能結構，以及使用性能優良的AVR單片機ATmega8L對系統所起的積極作用。論文概述了幾種檢測技術的發展現狀及基本原理，介紹了ATmega8L單片機及其各主要寄存器的功能特點。針對檢測系統的測距、測溫、測速、顯示、報警、補償修正等部分的軟件設計方案進行了論證與設計。

關鍵詞：雷達探測；溫度檢測；速度檢測；超聲波檢測；ATmega8L

The software design of Multisensor obstacle detected system

Abstract: the software design about the system of a multi-sensor obstacle detecting has been introduced detailly in this design. the system is cored of SCM, and initiates the temperature sensor, speed sensor and ultrasonic sensors at the appropriate time by detecting the signal of microwave radar detector. Having gotten the distance, speed, temperature by checking and measuring the output of these sensors. And have the accurate results by calculating reasonably, compounding these variables together, and amending and compensating the various data that. The paper has described the theoretical basis of the developed system, the function structure of several sensors, and the active role played by the use of the excellent performance of the AVR ATmega8L. The paper has outlined the development and the basic principles of several the detected technology, and introduced the ATmega8L microcontroller and the function features of its register. the verification and design have been made according to the software design scheme about detecting the location, temperature, speed, display, alarm, compensation and amendment of the system.

Key words: Radar Detection, Temperature Detection, Speed detection, Ultrasonic detection, ATmega8L