單片機大型建筑火災監控系統

電子機電論文編號:JD199    字數:23213,頁數:67       

目 錄
第1章 緒 論 1
1.1 火災報警控制系統發展歷史 1
1.2 系統主要結構和功能 2
第2章 方案論證 4
2.1 火災監控系統設計方案 4
2.2 火災監控系統方案論證 4
第3章 系統硬件電路的設計 6
3.1 中央處理器——AT89C52 6
3.1.1 AT89C52功能簡介 6
3.1.2 AT89C52最小系統設計 10
3.2 看門狗電路設計 11
3.3 下位機輸入通道元器件選擇 13
3.3.1 傳感器選擇 13
3.3.2 A/D轉換器選擇 15
3.3.3 下位機數據采集系統設計 17
3.4 上位機鍵盤/顯示接口電路設計 18
3.4.1 8279電路工作原理 18
3.4.2 8279管腳、引線及功能 22
3.4.3 8279命令格式與命令 23
3.4.4 8279狀態格式與狀態字 28
3.4.5 8279與AT89S52接口設計 28
3.5 報警電路設計 32
3.6 電源電路設計 35
3.6.1 +5V直流穩壓電路原理 35
3.6.2 +5V直流穩壓電路參數設計 36
3.7 主從機通信設計 37
第4章 系統軟件設計 39
4.1 主機程序流程圖 39
4.2 從機軟件結構 40
4.3 報警軟件流程圖 42
第5章 結論 44
參考文獻 45
致 謝 46
附 錄Ⅰ 外文翻譯 47
附 錄Ⅱ 原理圖 54
附 錄Ⅲ 程序 55

摘 要
大型建筑火災監控系統主要應用于各種高層建筑及其它公共設施中，實現對這些場所早期的報警功能，達到預期的目的。
這種火災報警系統是一個集信號檢測、傳輸、處理和控制與一體的控制系統。該系統采用美國Analog Devices 公司研制、生產的智能型火災報警控制器，使用專用串行總線和通信協議，將探測器所檢測到的能充分反映現場火災因素和非火災因素的數據采集到火災控制器，經過火災控制器根據預期設計好的火災模式、判斷、實現對火災早期的準確報警和對相應的現場消防設備的的聯動控制。
為了適應不同規模的工程的應用，便于信息的遠程傳輸和系統的安裝、維護，該系統采用模塊化結構，應用多種標準串行總線（如RS-485等）形成一個網絡系統。在這個網絡系統中，探測器完成對火災信號的檢測，然后數據傳輸到火災控制器。同時，每個控制器可以通過RS-485總線將相應的報警信息傳給位于不同樓層的下位機，從而形成一個完整的防火、早期滅火局域網。

關鍵詞：火災監控系統；火災控制器；總線；局域網
Abstract
The large-scale construction fire supervisory system mainly applies in each kind of high-rise construction, and in other public utilities, realizes reports to the police the function to these place early time, achieves the anticipated goal.
This kind of fire alarm system is a collection signal examination, the transmission, processing and the control and a body control system. This system uses American Analog Devices Corporation to develop, the production intelligence fire reports to the police the controller, the use special-purpose serial main line and the communication protocol, examines the detector can reflect fully the scene pyric factor and the non-pyric factor data acquisition central controller, the fire pattern which anticipated designs after the fire controller basis and, the judgment, realizes reports to the police accurately to the fire early time with the paraphrase should scene fire fighting equipment linkage control.
In order to adapt the different scale project application, is advantageous for the information long-distance transmission and the system installment, and the maintenance, this system uses the modular structure, the application many kinds of standard serial main line (for example RS-485 and so on) forms a network system. In this network system, the detector completes to the fire signal examination, then data transmission to fire controller. At the same time, each controller might corresponding report to the police through the RS-485 main line the information to pass to is located the different floor the lower position machine. Thus forms a complete fire protection, the early fire fighting local area network.

Key words：Fire supervisory system；Fire controller；Main line；Local area network

摘 要
大型建筑火災監控系統主要應用于各種高層建筑及其它公共設施中，實現對這些場所早期的報警功能，達到預期的目的。
這種火災報警系統是一個集信號檢測、傳輸、處理和控制與一體的控制系統。該系統采用美國Analog Devices 公司研制、生產的智能型火災報警控制器，使用專用串行總線和通信協議，將探測器所檢測到的能充分反映現場火災因素和非火災因素的數據采集到火災控制器，經過火災控制器根據預期設計好的火災模式、判斷、實現對火災早期的準確報警和對相應的現場消防設備的的聯動控制。
為了適應不同規模的工程的應用，便于信息的遠程傳輸和系統的安裝、維護，該系統采用模塊化結構，應用多種標準串行總線（如RS-485等）形成一個網絡系統。在這個網絡系統中，探測器完成對火災信號的檢測，然后數據傳輸到火災控制器。同時，每個控制器可以通過RS-485總線將相應的報警信息傳給位于不同樓層的下位機，從而形成一個完整的防火、早期滅火局域網。

關鍵詞：火災監控系統；火災控制器；總線；局域網
Abstract
The large-scale construction fire supervisory system mainly applies in each kind of high-rise construction, and in other public utilities, realizes reports to the police the function to these place early time, achieves the anticipated goal.
This kind of fire alarm system is a collection signal examination, the transmission, processing and the control and a body control system. This system uses American Analog Devices Corporation to develop, the production intelligence fire reports to the police the controller, the use special-purpose serial main line and the communication protocol, examines the detector can reflect fully the scene pyric factor and the non-pyric factor data acquisition central controller, the fire pattern which anticipated designs after the fire controller basis and, the judgment, realizes reports to the police accurately to the fire early time with the paraphrase should scene fire fighting equipment linkage control.
In order to adapt the different scale project application, is advantageous for the information long-distance transmission and the system installment, and the maintenance, this system uses the modular structure, the application many kinds of standard serial main line (for example RS-485 and so on) forms a network system. In this network system, the detector completes to the fire signal examination, then data transmission to fire controller. At the same time, each controller might corresponding report to the police through the RS-485 main line the information to pass to is located the different floor the lower position machine. Thus forms a complete fire protection, the early fire fighting local area network.

Key words：Fire supervisory system；Fire controller；Main line；Local area network