小功率UPS系統設計

電子機電論文編號:JD203 字數:21043,頁數:44            

目錄

緒論.....................................................................6
1.1 UPS市場及產品發展概述................................................6
 1.1.1市場發展概述  .....................................................6
1.1.2 產品技術的發展.....................................................6
1.1.3功能方面............................................................6
1.1.4電路技術方面........................................................6
1.1.5電路結構方面........................................................7
1.2 UPS的分類及連接技術的發展............................................7
1.2.1 UPS的分類特點......................................................7
1.2.2 UPS產品的設計趨勢..................................................8
1.2.3 控制電路全微處理器化...............................................8
1.2.4 UPS技術發展新動向..................................................9
1.2.5 采用DSP數字技術設計UPS.............................................9
1.3 UPS應用與負載性質....................................................9
1.3.1 UPS應用場合 .......................................................9
1.3.2 UPS的負載性質 .....................................................9
UPS的基本電路和工作原理 ................................................11
2.1整流器/充電器的基本概念..............................................11
2.1.1 單相半波、全波和橋式整流..........................................11
2.1.2 高頻開關整流器....................................................12
2.2 UPS的輔助電源.......................................................14
正激變換器..............................................................14
2.2.2反激變換器.........................................................15
2.3準方波輸出的后備式UPS的工作原理......................................16
2.3.1小功率后備UPS .....................................................16
大容量后備UPS ..........................................................17
2.4正弦波輸出的后備式UPS工作原理........................................18
2.4.1技術性能 ..........................................................19
2.4.2 基本結構 .........................................................19
2.4.3 基本工作原理......................................................20
第三章  UPS系統設計.....................................................22
 3.1系統結構............................................................22
3.1.1三相SPWM逆變器.....................................................23
3.1.2靜態開關切換電路...................................................24
3.1.3交流濾波電路.......................................................26
3.1.4EMI濾波器..........................................................26
3.2控制電路.............................................................27
3.2.1電壓環補償器的設計.................................................27
3.2.2電流環補償器的設計.................................................30
第四章UPS電源系統的設計.................................................33
4.1UPS系統的小型輕量化設計 .............................................32
4.1.1主電路方式 ........................................................32
4.1.2整流器 ............................................................33
4.2UPS系統的高可靠行設計 ...............................................35
4.2.1單機運行高可靠性技術...............................................35
4.2.2UPS系統的高可靠性技術..............................................37
第五章UPS仿真...........................................................39
全文總結................................................................41
致謝....................................................................42
參考文獻................................................................43

摘要
如今,高性能、高效率、小型輕量化和智能監控越來越成為各類不停電電源追求的目標，而數字控制技術的應用使得這些目標的實現更為簡單。因此，對數字化控制不停電電源系統的探討是十分必要和有意義的。
首先探討了不停電電源的硬件架構，重點講述了功率因數校正的整流器和逆變器主電路結構。以均值電流型功率因數校正技術為例詳細分析了功率因數校正電路的工作原理，并給出了設計思路和設計時應注意的問題。對不停電電源的核心—逆變器在連續狀態和離散狀態下進行了模型分析，指出逆變器模型是一個雙輸入單輸出的非線性模型，但是其非線性僅體現在負載擾動上。
在硬件架構的基礎上還介紹了系統的軟件功能。對不停電電源和市電之間的跟蹤鎖相問題進行了深入的探討，分析了鎖相技術的理論基礎，總結了兩種鎖相算法并分析其各自的鎖相過程和算法實現。對逆變器的控制技術，采用工程中應用廣泛的PID控制器提高其動態性能和穩定性，介紹了參數的設計，并通過仿真詳細分析其穩態和動態性能，對參數加以修正。
關鍵詞:不停電電源 功率因數校正 均值電流控制;鎖相瞬時值反饋 
PID   數字化控制

Abstract
Nowadays high performance becomes the destination of the development of UPS; therefore taking the research of digital controlled UPS is very important and meaningful。
A digital controlled UPS is presented here. Firstly, the topology of the system is studied. The principle of PFC rectifier is described in detail, with the average current mode controlled circuit as an example. And some problems should be given attention to are noticed here. The model of the half-bridge inverter is studied both in the continuous field and the discrete field, for the convenience of simulation and analysis. And the result that inverter is a double input, single output nonlinear model is pointed output then nonlinear of the model only presented by the nonlinearity of the load disrupt。
The phase-lock between the line input and inverter output is discussed here and the theoretic basis of the phase lock technique. Finally two algorithms are summed with implementation respectively. And the most widely used PID controller is used to improve the dynamic response of the inverter. The design of controller parameters is Introduce and the result was validated through simulation. The RMS control is added to the system as a result that Pm controller can't trace the sinusoidal signal without
steady-state error. The monitor system and the switching circuit are mentioned for the entirety of the system。
Keywords: Uninterruptible Power Supply    Power Factor Correction average current mode control    Phase lock Instantaneous feedback    PID   Digital control