基于MATLAB的數(shù)字濾波器優(yōu)化設(shè)計

電子機(jī)電論文編號:JD218      字?jǐn)?shù):13768,頁數(shù):40   

目  錄

第一章  前言..................................................................1
1.1  數(shù)字濾波器的發(fā)展概況.....................................................1
1.2  MATLAB軟件介紹 ..........................................................2
第二章  數(shù)字濾波器............................................................4
2.1  數(shù)字濾波器的設(shè)計與實現(xiàn) ..................................................4
2.2  數(shù)字濾波器的分類 ........................................................4
2.3  數(shù)字濾波器的設(shè)計要求和方法 ..............................................5
2.3.1  幅頻特性 ..............................................................5
2.3.2  相頻特性 ..............................................................6
2.4  數(shù)字濾波器設(shè)計方法概述 ..................................................9
第三章  有限長單位沖激響應(yīng)(FIR)數(shù)字濾波器.....................................10
3.1  FIR濾波器的窗函數(shù)法設(shè)計 .................................................10
   3.1.1  窗函數(shù)法的基本思想..................................................10
   3.1.2  窗函數(shù)的種類 .......................................................11
3.2  FIR濾波器的最大誤差最小化準(zhǔn)則  ..........................................14
3.3  FIR濾波器的最大誤差最小準(zhǔn)則設(shè)計 .........................................15
3.4  FIR濾波器的優(yōu)化設(shè)計 .....................................................17
第四章  無限長單位沖激響應(yīng)(IIR)數(shù)字濾波器 ....................................22
4.1  IIR濾波器的s-z變換設(shè)計  .................................................22
4.1.1  標(biāo)準(zhǔn)z變換 .............................................................22
4.1.2  雙線性z變換 ...........................................................23
4.2  IIR濾波器的振幅平方函數(shù)近似設(shè)計  ........................................24
4.3  IIR濾波器的頻率變換法設(shè)計  ..............................................26
4.4  IIR數(shù)字濾波器的優(yōu)化設(shè)計  ................................................27
第五章  總結(jié)  ................................................................33
致謝  ........................................................................34
參考文獻(xiàn)  ....................................................................35

摘  要

數(shù)字濾波器是數(shù)字信號處理中最重要的組成部分之一。在許多科學(xué)技術(shù)領(lǐng)域中，廣泛使用濾波器對信號進(jìn)行處理。數(shù)字濾波器可以分為兩類，即有限沖激響應(yīng)數(shù)字濾波器(FIR)和無限沖激響應(yīng)數(shù)字濾波器(IIR)。本文就分別對這兩類數(shù)字濾波器的設(shè)計和實現(xiàn)來進(jìn)行分析研究。
在FIR濾波器的設(shè)計過程中主要探討了兩個問題，其一是FIR線性相位濾波器的特點及相關(guān)公式推導(dǎo)；其二是用窗函數(shù)設(shè)計FIR濾波器,重點介紹了基于等波紋切比雪夫逼近準(zhǔn)則實現(xiàn)了FIR數(shù)字濾波器的優(yōu)化設(shè)計并通過MATLAB的仿真實現(xiàn)。
在IIR濾波器的設(shè)計過程中，將設(shè)計步驟分為三步，即模擬濾波器原型設(shè)計，模擬-數(shù)字濾波器變換，濾波器頻帶變換。著重介紹了頻域直接設(shè)計法和優(yōu)化設(shè)計法。在這兩類濾波器的整個設(shè)計過程都是按照理論分析、編程設(shè)計、具體實現(xiàn)的步驟來進(jìn)行的。

關(guān)鍵詞：數(shù)字濾波器；有限沖激響應(yīng)；無限沖激響應(yīng)；優(yōu)化設(shè)計算法；MATLAB
        

 Abstract

Digital filter is one of the most important parts of digital signal processing. In many fields of science and technology, it is widely used for signal processing. Digital filter can be divided as the Finite Impulse Response digital filter (FIR) and the Infinite Impulse Response digital filter (IIR).The paper aims at respective study in the design and realization of these two kinds of digital filters.
Two major points are discussed about the design of FIR filters: the characteristics of FIR linear phase filter and the reasoning of related formulas: the other is about the design of the FIR filters by means of window functions. Introduce with emphasis based on and so on ripple Chebychev approached the criterion to implement the FIR filters optimized design and through the MATLAB simulation implementation.
The design of IIR filters can be achieved through three steps: the design of prototype of analog low-pass filter, analog-to-digital filter conversion and the conversion of filter frequency band. Introduce the frequency range direct design law and the optimized design law emphatically. The design of FIR and IIR follows the procedures of theoretical analysis, programming design and concrete realization.
Key words：Digital Filter, FIR, IIR, optimization design algorithm, MATLAB