雙閉環(huán)三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)串級(jí)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)

電子機(jī)電論文編號(hào):JD275       論文字?jǐn)?shù):15327,頁數(shù):25

目 錄

摘要 1
Abstract 2
目 錄 3
引言 3
1、用途 6
2、串級(jí)調(diào)速的原理 6
(一)、異步電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子附加電動(dòng)勢時(shí)的工作情況 6
(二)、串級(jí)調(diào)速的功率傳遞關(guān)系 7
(三)、電氣串級(jí)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)及其附加電動(dòng)勢的獲得 8
(四)、其它類型的串級(jí)調(diào)速系統(tǒng) 10
1、 恒轉(zhuǎn)矩電機(jī)型串級(jí)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)（電氣串級(jí)） 10
2、 恒功率電機(jī)型串級(jí)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)（機(jī)械串級(jí)） 10
3、 恒轉(zhuǎn)矩的晶閘管串級(jí)調(diào)速(電氣串級(jí)) 10
3、具有雙閉環(huán)控制的串級(jí)調(diào)速系統(tǒng) 11
一、雙閉環(huán)系統(tǒng) 11
二、雙閉環(huán)串級(jí)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的各個(gè)模塊的工作原理及功能介紹 11
1、基本掛箱DK01C介紹。 12
2、基本掛箱DK01D介紹 12
三、雙閉環(huán)串級(jí)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的系統(tǒng)調(diào)試 18
四、雙閉環(huán)串級(jí)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的靜態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)特性 19
原理圖 22
PCB圖： 23
4、 元器件的使用清單 24
5、結(jié)論 25
參考文獻(xiàn) 25

摘要
本文所討論的是雙閉環(huán)三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)的串級(jí)調(diào)速的基本原理與實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。對(duì)于一般交流電動(dòng)機(jī)的調(diào)速，我們都是從電動(dòng)機(jī)的定子側(cè)引入控制變量（改變定子供電電壓、頻率）來實(shí)現(xiàn)的，這對(duì)于轉(zhuǎn)子處于短路狀態(tài)的交流鼠籠型轉(zhuǎn)子異步電動(dòng)機(jī)是唯一途徑。但是，對(duì)于繞線式異步電動(dòng)機(jī)來說，由于其轉(zhuǎn)子繞組能通過變量以實(shí)現(xiàn)調(diào)速。轉(zhuǎn)子側(cè)的控制變量有電流、電動(dòng)勢、電阻等。通常轉(zhuǎn)子電流隨負(fù)載的大小決定，不能任意調(diào)節(jié)；而轉(zhuǎn)子回路阻抗的調(diào)節(jié)屬于耗能型調(diào)速，缺點(diǎn)較多，所以轉(zhuǎn)子側(cè)的控制變量只能是電動(dòng)勢，這也是本文所要討論的重點(diǎn)之一。在發(fā)揮繞線式異步電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子的可控性優(yōu)勢的基礎(chǔ)上，提高調(diào)速性能需要從兩方面著手：
1從節(jié)能角度考慮，應(yīng)將損耗在轉(zhuǎn)子附加電阻上的能量吸收，轉(zhuǎn)化成別的有用的能量或反饋到電網(wǎng)，以提高傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的效率
2從高性能調(diào)速要求考慮，應(yīng)用控制理論，將其組成閉環(huán)調(diào)速控制系統(tǒng)，滿足調(diào)速精度、動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)等指標(biāo)的要求。
綜合所述，利用串級(jí)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)，就是使繞線式異步電動(dòng)機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)高性能調(diào)速的有效辦法。用轉(zhuǎn)子串反電動(dòng)勢來代替電阻，吸收轉(zhuǎn)差功率；用雙閉環(huán)控制提高系統(tǒng)的靜、動(dòng)態(tài)性能。把這種用附加電動(dòng)勢的方法將轉(zhuǎn)差功率回收利用的調(diào)速稱為雙閉環(huán)串級(jí)調(diào)速。這是本文所必須討論的，也是本文的核心所在。
Abstract
This paper discusses the mechanisms and implementation details of concatenation control in a three - phase asynchronous motor with double closed loop. To control speeds for a typical alternating current motor, we usually take control variables (to change voltage and frequency of the stator power supply) from the stator side in an electric motor, which is also the only way for squirrel-cage asynchronous motor with rotor in a short-circuit state. However, with wound rotor series, asynchronous motors can adjust speeds through control variables, which include electric current, electromotive force and resistance, etc. on the rotor side. Typically, the rotor current is determined by the load and cannot be adjusted freely. In contrast, adjusting rotor’s return circuit impedance tends to consume more power along with other disadvantages. Therefore, electromotive force should be the only control variable on the rotor side, which is also one of the major points discussed in this paper. In order to increase speed control, we need to take the following two measures while fully utilizing the adjustable nature of rotors in series-wound asynchronous motor:
1. In order to save energy, power wasted on rotor’s additional resistance should be absorbed and converted into other forms of usable energy or sent back to electric grid to increase the efficiency of transmission systems.
2. Considering high control ability and the applied control theory, it should be formed into a closed-loop control system in order to meet the requirements of such criteria as control accuracy and dynamic response
In summary, concatenation control system is one effective means to realize high control ability in series-wound asynchronous motors. Specifically, it is used to replace resistance with rotor’s electromotive force and absorb slip power; and to enhance the static and dynamic capabilities of the system using double closed loop. We refer to this method of utilizing additional electromotive force to recycle slip power as concatenation control with double close loop, which is also the focus of this paper.