單片機水溫控制系統

電子機電論文編號:JD279     論文字數:14574,頁數:47  

 目    錄
概   述 1
緒  論 4
1  硬件部分 5
1.1 測溫電路的設計 5
1.1.1 溫度傳感器AD590簡介 5
1.1.2 放大濾波電路的設計 7
1.1.3晶閘管主電路及驅動電路的設計 9
1.2單片機控制部分的設計 13
1.2.1  MCS-51單片機的選擇 13
1.2.2 鍵盤及顯示電路 14
1.2.3 8255并行接口 17
1.2.4 DA轉換DAC0832與AD轉換ADC0809 18
1.3 單片機溫度控制系統的設計 21
1.3.1 光電隔離 21
1.3.2 固態繼電器 23
1.3.3 看門狗及復位電路 23
1.3.4單片機溫度控制系統總體布局圖 24
2 軟件部分 25
2.1  PID 控制算法 25
2.2 A/D轉換程序 28
2.3數字濾波子程序FILTER 29
2.4二進制轉十進制子程序BCDCH 31
2.5 8255并行口子程序設計 32
2.7數據顯示及打印設計 34
2.7 溫度控制程序,流程圖 34
3結論與討論  42
3.1結論 42
3.2本系統存在的不足 42
致謝 43
參考文獻 44

摘 要
本文介紹了利用單片機進行水溫測量和控制的智能化的方法。對MCS-51單片機及其擴展系統的原理及結構進行了詳盡論述。測溫系統溫度傳感器AD590，信號放大部分采用兩級運放電路及二階壓控LPF。兩部分電路制作在一塊PCB板上，并封裝在一屏蔽金屬盒內，經調試性能很好。本系統借助于傳感器、A/D, D/A轉換器、擴展的并行接口以及執行機構進行的。在閉環過程控制中，過程的實時參數由傳感器和A/D轉換器實時采集，并由微型計算機自動記錄、統計制表，然后再通過D/A轉換器或并行接口輸出控制信號，控制執行機構動作，進行調節和控制。
另外本系統還擴展了另外一個溫度傳感器及相關電路，利用它進行室溫采集，并通過8255并行口擴展LED顯示，這樣能更清楚的看到當周圍溫度發生變化時水溫的變化。
還詳盡討論了這部分電路與8051單片機系統的硬件接口問題。本文采用PID控制算法作為溫度控制算法，采用固態繼電器和單結管弛張振蕩電路作為其執行驅動機構，達到了較高控溫精度。
 

關鍵詞:  8051單片機  溫度測控   傳感器   PID算法
固態繼電器

ABSTRACT
The introduction to this text utilizes the single computer to carry on temperature measurement and control intelligent method . And expanded systematic principle and structure and describe to MCS-51 one-chip computer exhaustivly. Examining warm system temperature sensor AD590, the signal amplifies and adopts and transports and puts circuit and two stepses of voltage-controlled LPF three times accurately partly. Two parts of circuit are made on a PCB board, and seal the form in a shielding metal box , it is very good through debugging performance . System this with the aid of sensor, A/D, D/A converter, expand that the interface and executive body go on. In the course of the ring closing type is controlled, real-time parameter of course gather in real time by sensor and A/D converter, and by the automatic record of the microcomputer, count the tabulation, then or the interface runs side by side to export the control signal through D/A converter , control movements of executive body, regulate and control.
This system has also expanded another temperature sensor and relevant circuit in addition, utilize it to carry on the room temperature to gather , and the mouth runs side by side to expand LED and show , can see the change of the temperature when change in environment temperature clearer in this way through 8255.
Have also discussed the hardware interface questions of this part of circuit and 8051 one-chip computer systems exhaustivly. This literary grace controls algorithms as the temperature control algorithm with PID, adopt the solid state relay and form and in charge of the relaxation one to shake circuit and carry out and drive the organization as it only, have reached the higher precision of controlling the temperature.

Keyword: stional Integral Differential arithmetic;Solid electronic peeker;8051 single chip computer;Temperature detecting and controlling;