基于單片機(jī)mega16L的煤氣報(bào)警器的設(shè)計(jì)

電子機(jī)電論文編號(hào):JD336 本份設(shè)計(jì)附開題報(bào)告,任務(wù)書,外文翻譯,原理圖,PCB,字?jǐn)?shù):10468,頁數(shù):35 

目    錄
摘    要................................................................I
Abstract ...............................................................II
1 緒論 ..................................................................1
1.1煤氣報(bào)警器的組成結(jié)構(gòu) ...................................................1
1.2整個(gè)系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能及新特點(diǎn)..............................................1
1.3研究煤氣報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r及應(yīng)用前景 .....................................2
1.4本論文要完成的任務(wù) .....................................................3
2 系統(tǒng)硬件................................................................4
2.1煤氣報(bào)警系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)框圖 ....................................................4
2.2單片機(jī)最小系統(tǒng)..........................................................5
2.2.1主控制器AVR單片機(jī)MEGA16L特點(diǎn)及優(yōu)勢(shì) ....................................5
2.2.2復(fù)位電路設(shè)計(jì) .........................................................5
2.2.3晶振電路設(shè)計(jì) .........................................................6
2.3煤氣傳感器檢測部分.......................................................7
2.4 信號(hào)放大以及A/D轉(zhuǎn)換電路設(shè)計(jì) .............................................8
2.5  LED數(shù)碼管的顯示電路設(shè)計(jì)................................................10
2.6 RS - 485的通信部分設(shè)計(jì)..................................................10
2.7 紅外遙控接收與發(fā)射部分...................................................12
2.7.1 紅外遙控發(fā)射部分......................................................12
2.7.2 紅外遙控接收部分......................................................13
2.8 電源電路的設(shè)計(jì)部分 ......................................................13
2.9 聲光報(bào)警電路設(shè)計(jì)部分....................................................14
3 系統(tǒng)軟件.................................................................15
3.1總體軟件設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................15
3.2模擬量輸入采集程序設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................16
3.3 LED顯示模塊程序設(shè)計(jì)......................................................17
3. 4　自動(dòng)校零軟件設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................18
3.5　非線性補(bǔ)償軟件設(shè)計(jì).......................................................18
結(jié)    論 ...................................................................19
參 考 文獻(xiàn)...................................................................20
附錄 ........................................................................21
致    謝.....................................................................31

摘    要
為了實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)字化以及智能化監(jiān)測室內(nèi)煤氣濃度并能及時(shí)報(bào)警，文章研制了一種高性能具有聲光提示功能以及可以紅外遙控的煤氣檢測儀來實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)各種場合煤氣濃度的監(jiān)控報(bào)警。
該系統(tǒng)以AVR單片機(jī)ATmega16L為硬件核心，采用軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)催化元件的自動(dòng)校零、非線性補(bǔ)償，通過實(shí)時(shí)采集、數(shù)據(jù)處理能夠準(zhǔn)確地監(jiān)測室內(nèi)煤氣含量，并經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)程數(shù)據(jù)傳送模塊將數(shù)據(jù)傳送到上位機(jī)監(jiān)測平臺(tái)進(jìn)行處理，并且設(shè)計(jì)紅外遙控接收與發(fā)射電路，對(duì)系統(tǒng)的各種參數(shù)進(jìn)行無接觸設(shè)置，LED 數(shù)碼管顯示作為輔助模塊，動(dòng)態(tài)顯示煤氣濃度，當(dāng)被測氣體中煤氣濃度超過預(yù)定數(shù)值時(shí)，將產(chǎn)生聲光報(bào)警。
該系統(tǒng)具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、體積小、使用和安裝方便、維護(hù)成本低或免維護(hù)、精度高、無接觸的紅外遙控、實(shí)時(shí)控制和數(shù)據(jù)處理能力強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn)，可推廣應(yīng)用到其他測試系統(tǒng)。

關(guān)鍵詞：催化元件；報(bào)警系統(tǒng)； AVR單片機(jī)； 紅外遙控

Abstract
In order to achieve monitoring the concentration of gas indoor digitally and intelligently and alarm timely， a high-performance instrument is developed with sound and light features tips and infrared remote control by the article ，which can achieve monitoring the concentration of gas and alarm in the various occasions.
ATmega16L AVR microcontroller is the core hardware to the system， software is used to achieve auto-components zero and non-linear compensation， through real-time collection， data processing can accurately monitor the content of gas indoor， which will be send to PC monitor platform to be processed by the long-distance data transmission module， and design the infrared remote control transmitter and receiver， the system's various parameters of non-contact settings， LED digital display of the auxiliary module， dynamic display of gas concentration， when measured over the concentration of gas in the gas Numerical scheduled， will have a alarm with sound and light.
The system is simple in structure， small size， use and easy installation， maintenance or maintenance-free low-cost， high accuracy， non-contact infrared remote control， real-time control and data-handling capacity of the characteristics can be applied to other test systems.

Key Words：Catalytic components；alarm system；AVRSCM； infrared remote control