賓館客房環境檢測系統

電子機電論文編號:JD533 附開題報告,任務書,外文翻譯,論文字數:21770,頁數:53 

目    錄

引言 1
1  緒論 2
1.1 本課題的研究意義 2
1.3 本課題的主要研究工作和各章內容安排 2
2  相關技術和基礎理論介紹 4
2.1 傳感器概述 4
2.2  RS—485總線 5
2.2.1簡介 5
2.2.2 RS -485 方式構成的多機通信 6
2.3主要器件及應用 7
2.3.1溫濕度傳感器SHT11 7
2.3.3MAX485 11
2.3.4 AT89S52 12
3 系統的總體分析與器件的選擇 
3.1  系統的整體框架 16
3.2溫濕度傳感器的選型 17
3.3 煙霧傳感器選型 18
4  硬件電路設計 19
4. 1電源模塊 19
4. 2  信號采集模塊 19
4.2.1  帶RS-485接口的采集模塊 20
4.2.2   帶RS-232串接口的采集模塊 20
4.3 RS-485 接口模塊 21
4.4 RS-232與RS-485串行接口轉換模塊 22
5  軟件部分設計 23
5.1 下位機程序設計 23
5.1.1主程序 23
5.1.2溫濕度計算子程序 24
5.2 上位機程序設計 26
6  電路布板，調試及故障分析 28
6.1．PCB設計一般步驟 28
6.2．PCB布線工藝要求 31
6.3 電路的調試及故障分析 31
6.4 試驗結果及分析 33
7  總結 34
謝  辭 35
參考文獻 36
附  錄 37

摘  要

環境質量的好壞取決于很多因素，如溫度、濕度、煙霧顆粒、二氧化碳濃度等等。對于賓館來說其中最要的肯定是煙霧檢測了，因為這直接關系到賓館生存和客人的人身安全，這是本文系統的重要的一個內容，另外本文還介紹溫濕度的實時監測。
本系統采用溫濕度傳感器SHT11和煙霧傳感器MQ-N5來采集數據，SHT11是個數字傳感器，內部高度集成，抗干擾性能，使采集的信號更準確，集成的I2C總線接口能是傳感器可直接通過I2C總線與任何類型的微處理器、微控制器系統連接，十分簡單實用。
整個系統在直流穩壓5伏下工作，下位機由信號采集模塊、煙霧報警模塊、RS-232和RS-485轉換模塊，在設置RS-485總線的通信協議后，上位機可以隨意和任意一個下位機進行實時通信。整個系統效果還是比較好的，反應也較快，測量結果比較準確的，有一定的實用性和應用前景。

關鍵詞：傳感器； RS-232與RS-485的轉換電路；RS-485總線 ；

Abstract
The quality of the environment depends on many factors, such as temperature, humidity, smoke particles, carbon dioxide concentration, and so on. For hotels, smoke detection is sure the most important establishment among others. It is because that smoke detection is directly related to the safety of the hotel and the guests. This is the most important content of the system. In addititon ,  temperature and humidity monitoring have been introducted in the system.
  The system uses temperature and humidity sensor SHT11 and smoke sensor MQ-N5 to collect data. SHT11 is a digital sensor with highly integrated inner system and anti-jamming capacity, which makes the collected signal more precise. The integrated I2C bus interface is a sensor, which can directly connect with any type of microprocessor and microcontroller system, it is very simple and practical.
  The entire system works under DC Regulator of five voltages .The client computer consists of Signal acquisition module 、Smoke alarm module and RS-232 and RS-485 conversion module. After setting the Communication Protocol of RS-485 bus ,the master computer can cloose any of the client computers and make the communication with the right-time .The final effect of the entire system  is
relatively good, and has the faster response the measurement is also comparatively accurate, it still has a certain relevance and application prospects.

  Key Words: sensor; RS-232 and RS-485 conversion circuits; RS-485 bus