煤礦供電系統的保護設計——硬件電路的設計

電子機電論文編號:JD560 附任務書,實習報告,原理圖,論文字數:22455,頁數:50

目  錄
摘要 I
Abstract II

1 緒論 1
1.1課題的來源及意義 1
1.2國內外概況 1
1.2.1國內概況 1
1.2.2國外概況 2
1.3本課題研究內容 2
2 系統總體法案的選擇與設計 4
2.1方案選擇 4
2.1.1系統結構選擇 4
2.1.2通信方式選擇 5
2.2系統總體結構 6
2.3系統工作原理 6
3 變電所分站設計 8
3.1方案選擇 8
3.2變電所分站硬件設計 8
3.3分站工作原理 11
4 智能采集器設計 13
4.1方案選 13
4.2智能采集器的硬件結構設計 13
4.2.1單片機的選型AT89C52 15
4.3傳感器選型 14
4.3.1傳感器的選型原則 18
4.3.2電壓傳感器、電流傳感器 18
4.3.3溫度傳感器 18
4.3.4 DS18B20與單片機的典型接口設計 20
4.3.5 DS18B20應用難點分析 21
4.4 A/D轉換器 22
4.4.1 A/D轉換器的選擇 22
4.4.2 TLC2543的主要特性 22
4.5調整電路 23
4.6開關量輸入電路 24
4.7控制輸出電路 24
4.8 485通信電路 26
4.9自動復位電路以及輔助電路 27
4.9.1液晶顯示器 27
4.10設計難點分析 28
5 系統調試 30
5.1系統調試 30
結論 31
致謝 32
參考文獻 33
翻譯 34

摘  要
本文在對煤礦井下變電所高壓供電現狀及國內外相關產品概況分析的基礎上，研制了一套井下變電所高壓供電計算機實時監控系統。為實現計算機的遠距離監控，分站與智能采集器的通信部分采用RS485信號，RS485數據通信轉換芯片選用75LBC184。單片機89C52用以控制波特率的選擇，增強了通信接口的通用性。智能采集器獨立于原綜合保護裝置，由單片機控制，增加電壓傳感器、電流傳感器、溫度傳感器、數據處理軟件等，實時采集高壓配電開關所帶負載的電壓、電流、環境溫度、真空開關的開合狀態等參數，同時執行地面計算機發來的合閘、分閘、復位等控制操作。為了縮短地面計算機依次巡測所有智能采集器的時間，設計了雙單片機結構的變電所分站，變電所分站在計算機和智能采集器之間，用一片雙口RAM進行數據暫存和緩沖，可以實現雙向通信，在整個系統結構中起著承上啟下的作用，從而提高系統的整體性能，此外，分站還能脫離主機獨立工作。論文在進行上述硬件設計的同時，還設計了一套計算機多功能軟件，主要包括串行通信程序和數據庫。計算機與多臺變電所分站之間使用多機通信。通過這些控制措施，真正實現了井下變電所的無人值守。

關鍵詞：監控；分站變電所；智能采集器；傳感器；無人值守

ABSTRACT
This paper gives a design on high voltage power supply monitor for substation in coal mine on the base of analysis about existing condition and related production in domestic and foreign. A communication interface is designed in order to implement distance monitor with the help of computer. Cent the station and intelligence collect a machine of correspondence part adoption RS485 signal. The design selects a chip with optoelectronic isolated RS485 signal named 75LBC184. By this means, the communication distance is increased. The intelligent collector is isolated from original synthetical protection device. It is controlled by singlechip together with voltage sensor, current sensor, temperature sensor and data-processing software to collect voltage, current, temperature, state of switch. At the same time, it performs control operation such as close switch, open switch, reset. In order to cut down checking period,a tributary station structure with double singlechips is designed. It is connected between computer and intelligent collector. It can implement both-way communication by a double-port RAM chip. In accordance, the system' s whole performance got increase. Also tributary station which structures with a connecting link between the preceding and the following can work independently without host computer. Unattended substation becomes true by these measures.
Keywords:monitor, communication interface, tributary station, intelligent collector, unattended