總線式智能PID控制儀

電子機電論文編號:JD574 附外文翻譯,開題報告,任務書,實習報告,原理圖,論文字數:25636,頁數:62

目   錄

1  引言……………………………………………………………………………………1
1.1  課題背景及意義……………………………………………………………………1
1.2  PID控制簡介…………………………………………………………………………1
1.3  現場總線……………………………………………………………………………3
1.4  單片機特點及其應用范圍…………………………………………………………4
1.5  本章小結……………………………………………………………………………5
2  系統設計的主要內容…………………………………………………………………7
2.1  現場總線和現場總線控制系統的現狀及發展……………………………………7
2.2  系統的組成及工作原理…………………………………………………………… 10
2.3  系統各主要功能模塊………………………………………………………………12
2.4  本章小結…………………………………………………………………………… 31
3  總線式智能PID控制儀的軟件設計…………………………………………………32
3.1  主程序模塊…………………………………………………………………………32
3.2  初始化子程序………………………………………………………………………33
3.3  A/D轉換子程序……………………………………………………………………33
3.4  鍵盤程序……………………………………………………………………………34
3.5  LED數碼管顯示程序………………………………………………………………35
3.6  系統通信部分設計…………………………………………………………………36
結論………………………………………………………………………………………38
致謝………………………………………………………………………………………39
參考文獻…………………………………………………………………………………40
附錄A  程序清單…………………………………………………………………………41
附錄B  硬件原理圖………………………………………………………………………62

摘 要
隨著生產過程向連續化、大型化、復雜化方向發展，對控制要求更高，加之各種新型控制方案及先進控制規律不斷運用于實踐，傳統儀表難以勝任，其局限性變得十分突出。隨著現場總線控制系統的發展，現場總線智能儀表應運而生的，并且得到了迅速的發展。采用得到了廣泛應用的智能PID控制理論，作為系統的主要控制部分。在電路設計中，采用了+5V和+15V的電源電壓電路和看門狗電路；在信號的輸入部分，采用差動放大電路和A/D574，可以得到誤差較小的信號，而且分辨率高；輸出部分，采用了TLC5616和輸出放大電路。由于鍵盤個數較少，采用了結構簡單實用的獨立鍵盤；而數碼管顯示較多，為了節省IO口線，因此采用動態顯示電路。為了實時對信號變化實施監控，并且實現單片機和上位機的通訊，采用環境的適應性較強和性價比高的RS485總線。

關鍵詞   現場總線  智能儀表  PID控制  單片機  RS485總線  動態顯示
 

Title           Bus  Intelligent  PID  Controller      

Abstract
With the production process to the continuous, large, complex development, the requirements of control need to be higher, plus all kinds of new control scheme and the application of advanced control law to the practice continuously, the traditional instruments come to be competent, their limitations become very prominent. With the fieldbus control system,s development, fieldbus intelligent instrument came into being, and have achieved rapid development. The theory of intelligent PID control that has been widely used was applied, as the system,s main part of the control. In the Circuit Design, +5 V and +15 V voltage circuit and watchdog circuit were used; in the input part of the signal, a differential amplifier circuit and A/D574 were applied, so it can be smaller error signal and has high resolution;in the output part used the TLC5616 and output amplifier. As the number of the keyboard is smaller, used a simple structure for the independent keyboard. But the digital display are more, in order to save IO mouth lines, a dynamic show circuit was used. In order to implement the real-time monitoring of the signal changes, and in order to achieve communications of the single chip and the PC, used the environment adaptative and more cost-effective of the RS485 bus.

Keywords  Fieldbus  intelligent instrument  Proportion Integral Differential control  independent keyboard  single chip  dynamic display