動平衡檢測系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計

電子機電論文編號:JD596 論文字數(shù):30377,頁數(shù):62

動平衡檢測系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計
目  錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
前  言 III
第1章  緒論 1
1.1 轉(zhuǎn)子平衡的概念 1
1.2 轉(zhuǎn)子動平衡的必要性 1
1.3 轉(zhuǎn)子動平衡方法及測試系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展 2
1.4 本論文的主要研究內(nèi)容 3
第2章  轉(zhuǎn)子動平衡理論 4
2.1 轉(zhuǎn)子動不平衡引起的振動 4
2.1.1 質(zhì)量不平衡的原因 4
2.1.2 轉(zhuǎn)子質(zhì)量不平衡引起振動的原因 4
2.1.3 剛性轉(zhuǎn)子和柔性轉(zhuǎn)子 6
2.2 質(zhì)量不平衡引起振動的特點和兩個線性條件 6
2.2.1 質(zhì)量不平衡引起振動的特點 6
2.2.2 兩個線性條件 6
2.3 轉(zhuǎn)子動平衡的幾個要點 7
2.3.1 校正面的選擇 7
2.3.2 校正平面數(shù)目和軸向位里的選取 8
2.3.3 平衡轉(zhuǎn)速 9
2.3.4 平衡時振動測點 9
2.3.5 校正方法 9
2.3.6 試加平衡質(zhì)量的選取 9
2.4 轉(zhuǎn)子的三種不平衡形式 11
2.5 轉(zhuǎn)子的靜平衡和動平衡 12
2.6 轉(zhuǎn)子的平衡方法 12
2.6.1 一般的影響系數(shù)平衡法 13
2.6.2 撓性轉(zhuǎn)子的平衡方法 15
2.6.3 剛性轉(zhuǎn)子的平衡方法 17
2.7 定標過程 19
第3章  硬件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 21
3.1 系統(tǒng)的核心一CPU 21
3.2 電源系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 21
3.3 模擬部分設(shè)計 23
3.3.1 傳感器配置 24
3.3.2 振動信號采集部份 24
3.3.3 信號處理中的幾個關(guān)鍵電路 27
3.4 液晶顯示接口技術(shù) 31
3.5 鍵盤接口電路 32
第4章  軟件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 34
4.1 軟件的整體設(shè)計 34
4.1.1 軟件的總體結(jié)構(gòu) 34
4.1.2 軟件編程語言 34
4.2 系統(tǒng)初始化及自檢模塊 35
4.2.1 系統(tǒng)初始化 35
4.3 系統(tǒng)軟件主要功能模塊 36
4.3.1 系統(tǒng)參數(shù)設(shè)置模塊 36
4.3.2 動平衡分析模塊 36
4.4 附屬功能模塊 44
4.4.1 軸心軌跡的測試 44
4.4.2 振動頻譜分析 44
4.5 液晶顯示程序及鍵盤處理程序模塊 45
4.5.1 液晶顯示模塊 45
4.5.2 鍵盤處理程序 47
4.6 系統(tǒng)的軟件抗干擾 48
4.7 系統(tǒng)軟件中的復(fù)數(shù)運算 49
結(jié)  論 50
參考文獻 51
致  謝 53
附  錄 54

摘要：在電力、化工、機械等眾多工業(yè)領(lǐng)域中，旋轉(zhuǎn)機械是生產(chǎn)的主要的物質(zhì)條件，而只有它能高效、平穩(wěn)的運行，才能保證企業(yè)給社會創(chuàng)造出更多的物質(zhì)財富，使我們的社會快速地發(fā)展。轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡是造成旋轉(zhuǎn)機械故障的主要原因之一，因此解決不平衡問題是保證旋轉(zhuǎn)機械可靠運行的必要途徑和手段，也是治理旋轉(zhuǎn)機械振動問題的首要保障。
動平衡處理是旋轉(zhuǎn)部件必須采取的工藝措施之一。本文在闡述了轉(zhuǎn)子動平衡理論的基礎(chǔ)上，采用影響系數(shù)平衡法，設(shè)計了一種基于單片機控制的振動及動平衡檢測裝置，既可以做現(xiàn)場動平衡儀，又可以做動平衡機的電測箱，同時還可以做軸振分析儀和簡單的振動分析儀。系統(tǒng)設(shè)計中采用鎖相環(huán)控制的四階帶通跟蹤濾波、FFT實現(xiàn)了不平衡(基頻)信號幅值和相位的精確提取。軟件編制完全遵循模塊化思想，提高編程效率和可讀性。
關(guān)鍵詞：轉(zhuǎn)子，動平衡，影響系數(shù)，單片機

Balancing Detection System Design
Abstract：Rotation mechanics are the main material condition in the field of hydro, chemical engineering and machinery. While rotation mechanics perform efficiently and steady, it can be make sure that enterprises treat more material power and our society develops rapidly. The imbalance of rotors is one of the most influential factors leading to trouble with revolving machines. To resolve the problem of imbalance is not only an essential method to make sure that revolving machines can work well, but also the major guarantee of dealing with the vibration of rotor system.
The handling of dynamic balancing is one of technology measure that must be adopted on revolving parts. On the base of having elaborated the rotor theory of dynamic balancing, this paper have designed a kind of vibration and dynamic balancing analysis system based on the control of the monolithic computer, adopting the method of influence coefficient, which can be the field balancing kit, the electricity-measuring box of the machine of dynamic balancing, at the same time, can measure the vibration of the axle and be the simple vibration analyzer. The system has picked up unbalanced(fundamental frequency)signal amplitude and phase accurately by adopting the fourth order band-pass following filter controlled by phase-lock loop and FFT. On the software programming, it follows modular thought completely, improving programming efficiency and readability.
Keywords: rotor, dynamic balance, influence coefficient, single-chip, microcomputer.