動力電池充電系統(tǒng)設計

電子機電論文編號:JD621  附任務書,開題報告,原理圖,論文字數(shù):20036,頁數(shù):52

目    錄
摘    要 I
Abstract II
目    錄 III
第一章  前  言 1
1.1 鉛酸動力電池的發(fā)展歷史 1
1.2 研究鉛酸動力電池的背景及意義 2
1.3 鉛酸動力電池充電系統(tǒng)的設計任務與要求 4
第二章 總體設計方案的選擇 5
2.1 概述 5
2.2.鉛酸動力電池 9
2.2.1 鉛酸蓄電池的結構 9
2.2.2 鉛酸蓄電池的化學性能 11
2．2．3鉛酸蓄電池的充電特性 13
2.3 KA1M0880B 13
2.4 LM358雙運算放大 16
2.5 TL431 18
第三章 設計步驟 19
3.1 總體介紹 19
3.2 具體設計步驟和參數(shù)計算 19
3.2.1 第一步：定義系統(tǒng)各項參數(shù) 19
3.2.2第二步：確定輸入電路DC電容器CDC和DC電壓VDC范圍 20
3.2.3  第三步：確定場效應管的輸入電壓VRO 22
3.2.4 第四步：確定變壓器原邊的自感系數(shù)Lm和最大占空比Dmax 23
3.2.5 第五步：選擇合適的FPS輸入電壓和最大drain（漏極）電流 26
3.2.6 第六步：確定變壓器的變比 27
3.2.7 第七步：負邊整流二極管的選擇 28
3.2.8 第八步：輸出電容器的選擇（要考慮電流和電壓紋波） 28
3.2.9 第九步：RCD緩沖電路的設計 29
3.2.10 第十步：控制回路的設計 32
3.3 系統(tǒng)工作流程 35
第四章 設計總結與展望 36
4.1 結論-系統(tǒng)總電路圖 36
4.2 對進一步研究的展望 36
參 考 文 獻 38
致    謝 39
附錄1 40
附錄2 41
附錄3 44

摘    要
鉛酸動力蓄電池至今已有一百多年的歷史，以動力蓄電池為能源的電動車被認為是21世紀的綠色工程，它的出現(xiàn)將汽車工業(yè)的發(fā)展帶入了一個全新的領域。目前，電動車核心部件中的電動機、控制器和車體三大部件在理論和技術上已較為成熟，而另兩大部件蓄電池、充電器的發(fā)展還不能滿足電動車的要求，有一些理論和技術問題還有待攻關，現(xiàn)已成為影響電動交通工具發(fā)展的瓶頸。
自鉛酸蓄電池問世以來，由于各種技術條件的限制，所采用的充電方法均未能遵從電池內(nèi)部的物理化學規(guī)律，使整個充電過程存在著嚴重的過充電和析氣等現(xiàn)象，充電效率低。電動車用動力蓄電池與一般蓄電池還有所不同，它以較長時間中等電流持續(xù)放電為主，間或以大電流放電，用于起動、加速或爬坡。一般來說，電動車用蓄電池多工作在深度充放電工作狀態(tài)。因此，對電動車用動力蓄電池的充電提出了不同于常規(guī)電池的要求，它必須對蓄電池使用壽命影響小以及充滿電判斷準確的特點。
本文介紹了鉛酸動力電池的充電系統(tǒng)是可以隨著電池電量的變化而改變系統(tǒng)的充電方法，本系統(tǒng)通過幾個簡單的電路組合來實現(xiàn)了這個充電方法，其中沒有復雜的元器件，節(jié)約了制造成本，有很強的實用價值。
關鍵詞：鉛酸動力電池，充電系統(tǒng)，開關電源

Abstract
The storage battery has already had the history of more than 100 years up to now. Electric cars, with power storage cells as their energies, are considered as a green project in the 21st century, whose appearance has led the automobile industry into a brand-new domain. At present, three parts of the core assemblies, including the electric motors, controllers and bodyworks, have been mature both in the theory and the technology, but other two major ones such as storage cells and chargers cannot satisfy the requirement of electric cars. Especially, there are some theoretical and technical problems to solve, which has become the bottleneck to the development of electric transportation vehicles. 
Since lead-acid battery being published, as a result of each kind of engineering factor limit, has used the charge method has not been able to comply with the battery internal physical chemistry rule, makes the entire charging-up to have the serious surcharge and to analyze was mad and so on the phenomena, the charge efficiency is low. The electric car also differs from with the power accumulator cell and the common accumulator cell, it discharges continually by the long time medium electric current primarily, once in a while by the big electric current electric discharge, uses in starting, the acceleration or the hill climbing. Generally speaking, the electric car works with the accumulator cell in the depth charging and discharging active status. Therefore, proposed to the electric car with the power accumulator cell charge is different in the conventional battery request, it must affect small as well as the fill electricity judgment accurate characteristic to the accumulator cell service life. 
This article introduces the charging system of the plumbous-acid power battery. The charging system is a charging method that can change the system along with the change of battery capacity. The system in this article can realize this charging method by combining several simple electric circuits but includes no complex components, saving the production cost and having an important practical value.
 
Key words：Plumbous acid power battery，Charge system，Switch power