機(jī)器視覺系統(tǒng)

電子機(jī)電論文編號(hào):JD696  論文字?jǐn)?shù):11364,頁(yè)數(shù):25

目 錄
摘要 1
Abstract 2
1 引言 3
1.1 問題的提出 3
1.2 國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀 3
1.3 設(shè)計(jì)的主要內(nèi)容 3
2系統(tǒng)基本原理及硬件設(shè)計(jì) 5
2.1 基本原理 5
2.2 圖像采集模塊 5
2.2.1 CCD攝像頭安裝 6
2.2.2 視頻解碼芯片SAA7111A 6
2.2.3 I2C總線 8
2.2.4 CPLD器件 8
2.2.5 雙口RAM 9
2.3 圖像處理模塊 10
2.3.1 圖像處理芯片(DSP) 10
2.3.2 外部存儲(chǔ)空間 12
2.3.3 電源和復(fù)位電路 12
2.4 語(yǔ)音輸出模塊 13
2.4.1 語(yǔ)音報(bào)警芯片XF1M01 14
2.4.2 UART芯片和電平轉(zhuǎn)換芯片 15
3 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) 17
3.1 主程序設(shè)計(jì) 17
3.2 I2C總線寫程序 17
3.3 UART輸出子程序 20
4 結(jié)論 22
謝辭 23
參考文獻(xiàn) 24

摘要
摘  要：設(shè)計(jì)針對(duì)汽車行駛中的安全問題，研究了一種用于智能車輛的機(jī)器視覺系統(tǒng)，對(duì)汽車在行駛過程中偏離車道時(shí)給予警告信號(hào)。提出一種基于DSP的機(jī)器視覺解決方案，利用DSP芯片、視頻處理芯片等對(duì)系統(tǒng)作了硬件實(shí)現(xiàn)。首先論證了開展智能車輛機(jī)器視覺系統(tǒng)研究的必要性，技術(shù)可行性和發(fā)展前景，介紹了系統(tǒng)的組成要素和技術(shù)支撐。結(jié)合我國(guó)實(shí)際情況，分析了智能車輛機(jī)器視覺系統(tǒng)DSP實(shí)現(xiàn)的學(xué)術(shù)意義和應(yīng)用價(jià)值。系統(tǒng)硬件以TI的TMS320C5410為中央處理器負(fù)責(zé)圖像處理，視頻解碼芯片進(jìn)行圖像采集與轉(zhuǎn)換，CPLD完成各種接口邏輯和時(shí)序匹配。系統(tǒng)采集的圖像數(shù)據(jù)存放在雙口RAM中，每幀采集完成后通過中斷方式通知DSP讀取，DSP對(duì)一幀圖像處理完后，如果測(cè)算的距離小于安全距離，就通過異步串口啟動(dòng)語(yǔ)音報(bào)警單元實(shí)現(xiàn)語(yǔ)音報(bào)警。最后還對(duì)系統(tǒng)各部分的接口程序作了詳細(xì)的說明,并給出了部分源程序代碼，以及系統(tǒng)硬件連接的電路原理圖。
關(guān)鍵詞：機(jī)器視覺，圖像采集，DSP，視頻解碼芯片，語(yǔ)音報(bào)警

Abstract
Abstract：Aiming at the safety problem of vehicle driving, this thesis studies a machine vision system that can be used by Intelligent Vehicle, which give alarm to the drive when the automobile is to drive from the driveway。 And present a design scheme about machine vision based on DSP。 Then the system is implemented with hardware including DSP video input processor etc。 Above all, this thesis proves the necessity of the research about machine vision of Intelligent Vehicle, the feasibility of the technology and its developing trends, and then introduces the several important elements of the system。 The system hardware take TI TMS320C5410 as the CPU be responsible for the picture processing, the video frequency decoding chip carry on images collect and conversion, the CPLD complete various connecter logic and cycle times to match。 The acquired images of the system are stored in the dual-RAM。 If one frame is finished, an interrupt signal will be sent to the DSP。 Then the DSP reads these data, processes them rapidly and calculates the distance。 If the distance is less than safety distance, the voice alarm unit will be started by the UART。 Interface programs of all section are introduced specially and some source codes are given，also the circuit diagram of the system hardware connectivity。
Keywords：Machine vision, images collect, DSP, video frequency decoding chip, voice alarm