用集成溫度傳感器組成測溫控制系統(tǒng)

電子機電論文編號:JD709  論文字?jǐn)?shù):22239,頁數(shù):48

用集成溫度傳感器組成測溫控制系統(tǒng)
目錄
  畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）任務(wù)書 2
摘要 III
Abstract IV
第一章 緒論 1
1.1引言 1
1.2國內(nèi)外狀況和發(fā)展趨勢 1
1.2.1國內(nèi)外鋼水溫度檢測方法 2
第二章 兩種典型溫度傳感器的探討 5
2.1溫度傳感器簡介 5
2.2熱電偶測溫原理 8
2.3熱電偶閉合回路的總熱電動勢 8
2.4測溫系統(tǒng)的信號采集部分構(gòu)成設(shè)計 9
2.4.1熱電偶類型的選擇 10
2.4.2補償導(dǎo)線的選擇 12
2.4.3熱電偶的冷端補償 13
2.5  AD590集成溫度傳感器實驗的探討 15
2.5.1  AD590溫度傳感器測溫原理 15
2.5.2  AD590的測溫電路的設(shè)計與分析 16
2.5.3  電流型AD590在控制方面的應(yīng)用 18
第三章  智能化溫度測量系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計 19
3.1系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計 19
3.2單片機介紹 19
3.3信號輸入部分設(shè)計 21
3.3.1信號輸入部分總體設(shè)計 21
3.3.2 芯片選用及電路連接 21
3.4單片機及其擴展I/O口的設(shè)計 27
3.4.1地址鎖存器 27
3.4.2程序存儲器擴展 27
3.4.3數(shù)據(jù)存儲器擴展 29
3.4.4可編程并行I/0接口器件的擴展 29
3.5鍵盤、顯示器的設(shè)計 31
3.5.1鍵盤 31
3.5.2顯示器 32
3.6模擬信號輸出部分設(shè)計 35
3.6.1信號輸出部分的總體設(shè)計 35
3.6.2芯片的選擇 35
3.7 基于熱電偶的多功能高精度度鋼水測溫儀 37
第四章 結(jié)論與展望 40
4.1結(jié)論 40
4.2展望 40
參考文獻(xiàn) 41
致謝 42

摘要
溫度是一個基本的物理量，它是工業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程中最普遍，最重要的工藝參數(shù)。它與多種工業(yè)產(chǎn)品的產(chǎn)量、質(zhì)量和能耗等指標(biāo)都有直接的關(guān)系，因此溫度測量在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中占有很重要的位置。而實際生產(chǎn)中，實現(xiàn)溫度的準(zhǔn)確測量并非是一件簡單的事情，它與長度，質(zhì)量等其他物理量的測定不同。無論采用準(zhǔn)確度怎樣高的溫度計，如果溫度計選擇不當(dāng)，或者測量方法不適宜，或者測量環(huán)境不合適，都不能得到所希望的測量結(jié)果。鋼水的溫度測量就更加困難。鋼水溫度之高，檢測環(huán)境之惡劣使鋼水溫度測量成為煉鋼工業(yè)中的一個難題。本課題就是針對鋼水測溫，并結(jié)合實際的測溫環(huán)境，從特種測溫傳感器的設(shè)計到多功能智能化溫度檢測系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計出發(fā)，研究鋼水測溫系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)是以8031單片機系統(tǒng)和傳統(tǒng)的溫度檢測元件一熱電偶相結(jié)合的溫度測量系統(tǒng)。實際系統(tǒng)采用抗干擾、低零漂、低溫漂的電子元件，性能穩(wěn)定。該系統(tǒng)總體特點是使用簡便、實用、測量穩(wěn)定可靠、測溫范圍大、使用對象廣。
本文主要介紹了鋼水溫度的測量，包括溫度傳感器、單片機接口，大體分為以下幾大部分:
(1) 介紹了國內(nèi)外溫度檢測技術(shù)和特種測溫(鋼水溫度檢測)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r，并且分析了溫度檢測技術(shù)的未來發(fā)展方向。
(2) 根據(jù)實際測量要求制定出一次儀表(溫度傳感器)的選擇、使用和安裝方案并且解決了熱電偶測量過程中存在的冷端溫度不為零攝氏度的傳統(tǒng)問題 。
(3) 根據(jù)實際使用要求設(shè)計了相應(yīng)的單片機硬件系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)多路量,數(shù)據(jù)采集數(shù)據(jù)處理、溫度值的在線顯示、測量數(shù)據(jù)的打印。
關(guān)鍵詞；溫度測量 熱電偶 單片機

With thermocouple and integrated temperature of sensor make
of control system
Abstract
Temperature, as a basic physical quantity, is one of the most universal and important technical parameters. It has a direct affect on targets o f many products, such as output, quality and consumption of energy and so on, so measuring of the temperature is very important to industry production. In practice, it is difficult to measure accurately the temperature. Measuring of temperature is different from others, for example, measuring of length, measuring of mass. The system of continuous
measuring of the temperature of hot metal introduced勿the paper is the system of 8031 single-chip microcomputer and conventional measuring component-thermocouple. The mathematic model is appropriate, and measurement method is easy to be executed. The electronic components used are anti-jamming, less zero-drift and less temperature-drift. The system is convenient and applicable. It is steady, reliable and so fit to use. A t the same time, it has larger scope of measurement and it can be used in many kinds of object measured. It has intellectualized the process.
The thesis introduces automatic measurement of temperature, including temperature sensor, I/0 of single-chip microcomputer and application software, It can be divided into five parts:
(1) It introduces the development of temperature measurement and special temperature measuring-measurement of molten steel's temperature, as well as the development direction of temperature measurement in the future.
(2) It provides the solution of temperature sensor's selecting, using and setting. It solves the problem of thermocouple whose referenced end's temperature is not 0℃ in the course of measurement
(3) According to the practical demands, I design corresponding hardware system. The system can realized at a acquisition, showing of temperature o n-line, printing of temperature .
Keywords temperature measurement, thermocouple, single-chip microcomputer