基于多單片機的數據測控硬件系統的設計

電子機電論文編號:JD751  論文字數:24548,頁數:47

 目 錄
第一章 緒論 1
1.1集散控制系統（DCS）概述 1
1.2  Protel 99 SE基礎 5
第二章 系統的硬件結構 8
2.1 系統整體結構 8
2.2 現場控制器的硬件結構 8
第三章 主控卡的硬件結構及各部分功能簡介 12
3.1  N80C196KB16單片機的功能特點 12
3.2  AT89S52 的功能及特點 15
3.3  雙口RAM 17
3.4 串行通訊接口 19
3.5  D/A轉換器 24
3.6  A/D轉換器接口 29
第四章 Protel硬件設計 32
4.1  Protel 99 SE的組成 32
4.2  PCB板的設計 33
總 結 41
謝 辭 42
參考文獻 43

摘要
隨著計算機技術、通信技術、控制技術、大規模集成電路技術、顯示技術、軟件技術以及其他高新技術的應用和發展，集散控制系統也得到了飛速的發展，并成為工業生產過程自動控制裝置的主流。
本文是在滿足小型工業控制需求的基礎上設計制作的一種具有集散控制技術特點的小型計算機多路測控系統。
本文主要介紹了一個多路信號測控系統的硬件結構。系統硬件結構的特點是：主控單元由雙CPU和雙口RAM構成，其中一個單片機負責數據處理，一個單片機負責系統通信。多個帶CPU的I/O處理單元與主控制單元之間利用RS-485總線進行互聯，完成現場數據的輸出輸入控制。另外，本文還簡要介紹了系統的軟件組成。系統軟件包括人機界面和現場控制程序兩個部分，并主要應用中斷方式實現各個CPU的聯動控制。此系統能夠實現工業現場多路實時數據的采集、集中顯示以及過程控制環節的信號輸出等功能，特別適合在一些小型的工業生產場合使用。

關鍵詞：雙CPU、雙口RAM、RS-485、小型集散控制系統

ABSTRACT
Along with the computer technology, the communication technology, the control technology, the large scale integrated circuit technology, the display technology, the software technique as well as other high technology and new technology's application and the development, the distribution control system also obtaines the rapid development, and becomes the mainstream of the industrial production process automatic control device.
This paper has designed a small multi-computer monitoring system with the characteristics of the distribution control technology .The design is based on the needs of small-scale industrial control.
This article mainly introduces the hardware architecture of a multiplex signals tracking system. The design feature of the system hardware is: main control unit is made up of two high speed singlechips and dual port RAM, one singlechip take charge of data processing, one singlechip take charge of communication. I/O units having CPU is connected to the main control unit with RS-485 bus, to complete the I/O data control .In addition, the paper also briefly introduces the system software. The system software consists of two parts, one is man-machine interface, one is on-site control program, and mainly use interrupt mode to realize linkage control of every CPU .This system can achieve the industrial scene of multiple real-time data collection, the centralism demonstration and the signal output of the process control part , and so on, especially qualify in some small industrial production situation .

Key words: dual CPU、dual port RAM 、RS-485 BUS、a multiplex signals tracking system