交通燈定時(shí)控制系統(tǒng)

電子機(jī)電論文編號(hào):JD970   論文字?jǐn)?shù):24837,頁數(shù):47

目錄
摘  要 1
Abstract 2
引言 3
一． 交通信號(hào)燈硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì) 5
1.1交通信號(hào)燈的作用及工作原理： 6
1.2設(shè)計(jì)要求 6
1.3 設(shè)計(jì)方法 7
二． 系統(tǒng)組成 7
2.1 控制要求 7
2.2 硬件控制線路圖 7
2.3 工作原理 8
2.4 器件和原理 8
2.4.1.什么是單片機(jī) 8
2.4.2 什么是單片機(jī)系統(tǒng) 11
2.4.3 單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用 12
2.5 部分電路功能 13
三、交通信號(hào)燈軟件的系統(tǒng)編程 20
3.1單片機(jī)的C語言程序設(shè)計(jì) 20
3.2  C語言與MCS—51 20
3.3 利用C51程序編寫延時(shí)程序 22
3.4 信號(hào)燈亮滅的定時(shí)功能 22
3.5 51單片機(jī)的中斷系統(tǒng) 25
3.6  數(shù)碼管顯示程序功能 28
3.7 軟件流程圖 29
四、系統(tǒng)的組裝與調(diào)試 29
4.1制板 29
4.2 組裝及調(diào)試 30
五．總結(jié) 35
謝  辭 37
參考文獻(xiàn) 38
附  錄 39
附錄二：中斷服務(wù)流程圖 40
附錄三：主程序代碼 41

摘  要

 根據(jù)8051單片機(jī)的特點(diǎn)及交通燈在實(shí)際控制中的特點(diǎn)，本文提出一種用單片機(jī)自動(dòng)控制交通燈及時(shí)間顯示的方法。同時(shí)給出了軟硬件設(shè)計(jì)方法,設(shè)計(jì)過程包括硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)和程序設(shè)計(jì)兩大步驟，對(duì)在單片機(jī)應(yīng)用中可能遇到的重要技術(shù)問題都有涉足。本文對(duì)十字路口狀態(tài)預(yù)設(shè)為兩種，一種是正常狀態(tài)，另一種是故障或緊急狀態(tài)，并分別用黃、紅、綠色燈的不同組合來表示。本文介紹了控制基本原理以及控制的表現(xiàn)，同時(shí)也介紹了城市交通信息系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo), 開發(fā)途徑及其系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)與功能和數(shù)據(jù)地理編碼、建庫, 同時(shí), 論述了系統(tǒng)中交通現(xiàn)狀、交通管理、交通規(guī)劃及背景信息查詢模塊的建造及應(yīng)用。介紹了用于城市交叉路口的三色程控交通信號(hào)時(shí)間顯示器的研制方案，對(duì)其電源供電、發(fā)光二極管構(gòu)成的負(fù)載結(jié)構(gòu)、燈色時(shí)間檢測(cè)都給出了精巧合理的優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)，大幅度地提高了產(chǎn)品可靠性并降低了制造成本。
關(guān)鍵詞：8051單片機(jī)；交通燈；自動(dòng)控制；時(shí)間顯示器；軟件；硬件；定時(shí)器；延時(shí)；外部中斷

Abstract

 According to the feature of  SCM8051 and the characteristics of traffic lights in real control,the article puts forward the method of using sigle-chip microcomputer to control automatically the traffic signal lights and time-show.The method of realization of hardware has also been given,the whole process included hardware circuit designing and program designing,in which some important technique problem that may meet during the use of Singlechip involved.In this paper，the state of crossing was designed as two states.One is normal,another breackdown or urgent,which are expressed with different colour lamp named yellow、red and green.The basic principle and method of controlling are introduced.In this paper, the design goals, development ways, system structure, system functions, geographic codes and data base of the Urban Traffic Information System (U T IS) were presented. Furthermore, the development and the application tests of the traffic situation model, the
traffic management model, the traffic plan model and the background information inquirement model of U T IS were discussed.This paper introduces the development scheme of three-colour programmable traffic signal time indicator used in the level-crossing of our city,and gives its power supply,load construction made by LED and time detection of traffic lamp colour a reasonable optimize structure.The reliability of Product is substantially
improved while the cost is reduced.

Key Words:SCM8051；traffic lights；automatic control；time indicator；hardwore；softwore  timer；delay；external interrupt