集中式電能表及其遠程抄表系統設計

電子機電論文編號:JD1003  論文字數:21093,頁數:56

目     錄
第1章 引 言 1
1.1電能計量及遠程抄表技術的現狀 1
1.1.1電能表發展概況 1
1.1.2電能表的發展方向 1
1.1.3遠程抄表方式分類 3
1.2課題的提出及意義 4
1.3課題研究的主要內容 5
第2章 系統總體設計 6
2.1系統總體設計思想 6
2.1.1多用戶復費率電表設計原則 6
2.1.2載波收發部分 8
2.2系統設計的關鍵技術和性能指標 8
第3章 復費率電能表及遠程抄表的硬件設計 10
3.1復費率電能表的硬件設計 10
3.1.1電源設計 10
3.1.2 CPU的選擇 11
3.1.3存儲器電路設計 12
3.1.4時鐘電路設計 15
3.1.5紅外通信電路設計 18
3.1.6多路采集電路設計 21
3.1.7顯示電路設計 27
3.1.8看門狗電路設計 28
3.2低壓電力線載波收發系統的設計及原理 30
3.2.1 PLCi36C芯片 30
3.2.2擴頻通信的理論基礎及性能指標 31
3.2.3電力線載波的數據通信協議 32
3.2.4載波通信的硬件設計 35

第4章 軟件設計 38
4.1主程序軟件設計 38
4.2子程序的軟件設計 39
4.2.1電量采集子程序 39
4.2.2校表子程序 41
4.2.3顯示子程序 42
4.2.4清零子程序 43
4.2.5低壓電力線載波通信子程序 44
第5章 可靠性設計 47
5.1硬件系統的可靠性設計 47
5.2軟件系統的可靠性設計 47
第6章 結論與改進 48
參考文獻 49 

摘要

 在科技高速發展的今天，電能表的研制也正在向多功能方向發展。本文針對目前居民區或學生公寓電能計量的現狀，設計了一種多用戶復費率電子式電能表。此復費率電能表可同時檢測到多戶住宅的有功電能，同時計量出各用戶的準確電量后通過電力線載波實現電量的遠程傳輸。
    在硬件上，采用功率/電能專用IC芯片ADE7755作為計量，采用串行方式擴展了10位LED進行系統信息顯示，采用實時日歷時鐘電路RS5C372A和TC74數字溫度傳感器提供時鐘并對其運行精度進行溫度補償，采用看門狗電路監視系統運行和提高系統的抗干擾能力。載波通信模塊PLCi36C采用擴頻調制方式，通過低壓電力線載波將數據電量進行可靠的傳輸。
    在軟件上，不僅采用模塊化編程思想，編寫了相應程序，實現了多用戶的電能計量、顯示、存儲，而且采用數據備份方式，提高了數據存儲的安全性，同時通過實時日歷時鐘實現了復費率計量方式，并對時鐘運行精度進行了溫度補償;在利用低壓電力線進行通信方面，采用擴頻調制方法實現了與通信控制器之間的數據傳輸，同時采取了口令認證、軟件陷阱等措施有效地提高了系統的可靠性。
    復費率集中式電能表具有量程大、精度高、功耗低、安裝簡單等優點，可實現用電計量、防竊電、復費率、遠程抄表等多種功能，具有較高的社會推廣價值。
關鍵詞：復費率電能表;遠程抄表;電力線載波;ADE7755; PLCi36C

Abstract
 In technical high speed development's today, the electrical energy table's development is also developing to the multi-purpose directions. This article in view of the present inhabited area or the dorm electrical energy measurement's present situation, has designed one multiuser duplicate tariff electronic formula electrical energy table. This is in reply to your letter tariff electrical energy table may simultaneously examine many household housing the active electrical energy, after simultaneously measures the various users' accurate electric quantity, realizes the electric quantity long-distance transmission through the power line carrier.
 On the hardware, uses power/electrical energy special-purpose IC chip ADE7755 to take the measurement, used the serial mode to expand 10 LED to carry on the system message to demonstrate, used real-time calendar clock electric circuit RS5C372A and the TC74 digit temperature sensor provides the clock and carries on the temperature compensation to its movement precision, used the watch-dog electric circuit supervisory system to move and to sharpen system's antijamming ability.
 Carrier communication module PLCi36C uses the wide frequency modulation system, carries on through the low pressure power line carrier the data electric quantity the reliable transmission. On software, not only uses the modular programming thought that has compiled the corresponding procedure, has realized the multiuser electrical energy measurement, the demonstration, the memory, moreover selects the data backup method, enhanced the data storage security, simultaneously has realized the duplicate tariff measurement way through the real-time calendar clock, and has carried on the temperature compensation to the clock movement precision; In carries on the correspondence aspect using the low pressure power line, used the wide frequency modulator approach to realize with communication controller's between data transmission, simultaneously adopted measures and so on password authentication, software trap to enhance system's reliability effectively. The duplicate tariff central electrical energy table has the measuring range to be big, the precision is high, the power loss is low, installment simple and so on merits, may realize uses electricity the measurement, against to steal the electricity, the duplicate tariff, long-distance to copy the table and so on many kinds of functions, has the high society to promote the value.
 
 
 key word: Duplicate tariff electrical energy table; Long-distance copies the table; Power line carrier; ADE7755; PLCi36C