嵌入式軸承套圈內外徑尺寸機器視覺測量系統硬件設計

電子機電論文編號:JD1028  論文字數:15329,頁數:35，有開題報告，任務書，原理圖
目 錄

前　言 1
第1章 嵌入式機器視覺測量系統 3
 1.2數字信號處理器DSP 5
 1.3 DSP TMS320C6201芯片介紹 8
第２章　嵌入式機器視覺測量系統的硬件設計 10
 2.1嵌入式機器視覺測量系統的工作原理及技術指標 10
 2.2嵌入式機器視覺測量系統的硬件總體設計 11
 2.3 嵌入式機器視覺測量系統的硬件模塊設計 12
 2.3.1 CCD攝像頭 12
 2.3.2 A/D轉換視頻解碼芯片 14
 2.3.3 FIFO緩存器 17
 2.3.4 DSP TMS320C6201 19
 2.3.5 電源電路設計 19
  2.3.6  復位電路設計 20
 2.3.7 時鐘電路設計 21
 2.3.8外部擴展存儲器設計 23
 2.3.9 RS232串行通信接口設計 25
結 論 27
參考文獻 28
致 謝 30
附 錄 31

摘　要

 視覺測量是采用圖像處理算法，通過計算對應于被測物邊界的圖像特征之間的像素數量來確定被測物的幾何尺寸的。本設計采用機器視覺和圖像處理技術，利用CCD攝像頭、視頻解碼器、數字圖像處理器、顯示器等完成了嵌入式軸承套圈內外徑尺寸視覺測量系統的硬件設計。其中，主要對光學成像模塊、視頻信號的A/D轉換模塊、圖像處理模塊和通信模塊進行了設計。
 本嵌入式視覺測量系統的工作原理大致如下：軸承在光源的照射下, 其影像被投射到光學成像系統,經透鏡放大聚焦在CCD的光敏陣列面上,攝像頭將其接收的光學影像轉換成視頻信號輸出到視頻解碼器；由視頻解碼器將模擬信號轉換成數字信號；然后在采樣控制器CPLD的控制下由FIFO進行數字圖像信號的采集；本系統中的圖像處理器主要完成從FIFO讀出數據并進行圖像的增強、去噪、邊緣提取、測量系統標定、逐行掃描等算法處理，通過計算對應于被測軸承邊界的圖像特征之間的像素數量來確定被測軸承的幾何尺寸，并將最終處理結果輸出給顯示器。
 機器視覺測量系統具有非接觸、在線實時、速度快、精度高、現場抗干擾能力強等優點，能實現產品的零廢品生產的目標，具有極大的實用價值和推廣價值。

 關鍵詞: 嵌入式，機器視覺，軸承套圈，測量，DSP，TMS320C6201

Hardware design of embedded machine vision measurement system for bearing RING diameter size

ABSTRACT

 Vision measurement uses image processing algorithms, by calculating the number of pixels between the images corresponding to the object border to determine the object's geometrical diameter. This design applys machine vision and image processing technology, and also uses a CCD camera, a image acquisition card, a digital image processor and a display to form a circle embedded machine vision system for bearing ring diameter size. In the system, this design mainly designs the module of optical imaging, A / D conversion for analogy signals, image processing and communication.
 This embedded machine vision measurement system works as follows : In the light source, bearings’ images are projected onto the optical imaging system, and enlarged by the lens, after that ,the images are focused on the CCD surface of photosensitive array, camera converted the optical images which has already been received into video signals which will be transmitted to a video decoder; and then, the video decoder will converted the analog signals into digital signals; then under the control of sampling controller of CPLD, FIFO will collect the digital image signals; the image processor in system mainly completes the data acquisition from  FIFO and also fulfills the algorithm of images enhancement, denoising, edge extraction, the calibration to measurement system and progressive scan, by calculating the number of pixels between the images border corresponding to the measured bearing to determine the geometrical diameter of the bearing, finally results will be transmitted to the display.
 Machine vision system owns the virtue of non-contact, on-line real-time, speed, high precision and the scene anti-jamming capabilities, and can achieve the production target of zero-waste products.
 KEY WORDS：embedded, machine vision, bearing ring, measurement, DSP, TMS320C6201