歸化還是異化？——翻譯理論中的難題

論文編號:YY711  論文字數:6813.頁數:21

Domestication or Foreignization?
A Dilemma in Translation Theory

ABSTRACT

   In the theory of translation, there are many strategies and methods, among which, domestication and foreignization are the most frequently used ones. Choosing domestication or foreignization is a heated topic in the field of translation, about which many translators are fond of arguing. They hold their own opinions about these two strategies, some of whom choose foreignization and some advocate domestication. Perhaps the best strategy is to take foreignization first, and then domestication, because foreignization is in line with cultural differences between Chinese and English, and the exchange of the different cultural elements could enrich each other. Language is the carrier of culture. The essence of translation is to understand and study the foreign culture through the translation of foreign language. “Domestication Strategy” was preferred in the 20th century, but the history will come to “Foreignization Strategy”. In this paper, examples are given on the translation of menus、literary works、allusions and idioms and advertisements to support this idea. We should apply foreignization as much as possible, but sometimes it will cause misunderstanding. At that time, we need domestication. Applying foreignization doesn’t mean abandoning domestication. These two methods are both useful and important. They come forward side by side and compensate each other.

Key words: translation theory  domestication  foreignization

歸化還是異化？——翻譯理論中的難題

摘  要

    翻譯的理論中，有很多的策略和方法。其中，歸化譯法和異化譯法乃最廣為采用的方法之一。選擇歸化還是異化，一直都是譯界一個熱議的話題。譯者們各持己見，有的喜歡歸化，有的則熱衷異化。也許最好的翻譯策略是先異化，后歸化。因為異化譯法有助于保持文化的個性，豐富雙方的文化內涵。語言是文化的載體。翻譯的真意就是通過語言間的轉化，理解和學習外國文化。歸化譯法一直主導20世紀的翻譯界，而21世紀，乃是異化譯法的天下！在這篇論文中，列舉了許多關于菜單，文學作品，習語和廣告的異化譯本，以供大家了解異化譯法。雖然我們應該盡量的采用異化譯法，但是有時候誤解還是難以避免的。此時，歸化譯法正好派上用場。其實，這兩種翻譯策略是互補不足，相輔相成的重要翻譯策略。

關鍵字：翻譯理論 歸化譯法 異化譯法

CONTENTS
ABSTRACT I
摘要 II
1.  Introduction 1
2.  Translation Theory 2
2.1 Newmark 2
2.2 Shiyab 2
2.3 Toury 3
3.  Domestication and Foreignization 5
4.  Foreignization First, Domestication Second 7
4.1 Advantages of Foreignization 8
4.2 Foreignizing of Chinese Menus 8
4.2.1 Literal Translation plus Explanation 8
4.2.2 Zero Translation or Zero Translation plus Note 9
4.3 Foreignizing Translation of Literary Works 9
4.3.1 Foreignizing Translation of the Titles 9
4.3.2 Foreignizing Translation of People Names in the Literary Works 10
4.4 Foreignizing Translation of Allusions and Idioms 11
4.5 Foreignizing Translation of Advertisements 12
4.6 Domestication as an Aid 13
4.7 The Purpose and Significance of Foreignization 13
5.  Conclusion 15
References 16
Acknowledgements 17