冷戰(zhàn)后的美國對外戰(zhàn)略

英語論文編號:YY129  字數(shù):5986,頁數(shù):20

Content

Abstract...........................................................I
Key Words..........................................................I
摘要...............................................................Ⅱ
關(guān)鍵詞.............................................................Ⅱ
Introduction.......................................................1
Ⅰ. Brief Introduction of US Foreign Strategies in History.........2
Ⅱ. Different Foreign Strategies in the Post-Cold War Era..........3
Foreign Strategy of Bush Government................................3
Foreign Strategy of Clinton Government.............................5
Foreign Strategy of George W. Bush Government......................7
Ⅲ. Future Trends of US Foreign Strategies.........................10
Conclusion ........................................................12
Acknowledgements...................................................13
Notes..............................................................14
Bibliography.......................................................15

Abstract

       In the late 1980s and early 1990s, with the transformation of the East European socialist states, the reunification of Germany, and the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the Cold War ended, and the United States found itself at another watershed. However, it is more difficult to define and determine the interests, objectives, and means of American foreign strategy.
The Bush government advocated a foreign strategy of “New World Order”. The concept of “New World Order” includes the emphasis of American leadership in world affairs and the creation of a new “American century”. However, it was criticized for being ambiguous and impractical. Clinton paid more attention to internal affairs and promoted a foreign strategy of “Engagement and Enlargement”, which accelerated its economic development and enhanced its leadership. In the year of 2000, George W. Bush won the presidency campaign. He acted a foreign strategy of Unilateralism. However, in recent years, America has been in troubles. Many powers are rising quickly, but at the same time, America sinks into Afghanistan and Iraq war. NPRK and Iran are busy developing their nuclear weapons, imposing threat to regional and international security. Undoubtedly, America encounters more problems in the post-cold war era.
In the future, America has to adjust its foreign strategies to cooperate with others and depend more on its soft powers to maintain its national interests,.

Key Words

US; foreign strategy; post-cold war era; cooperation

摘　  要

      20世紀80年代末90年代初，伴隨著東歐巨變、兩德統(tǒng)一和蘇聯(lián)解體，冷戰(zhàn)宣告結(jié)束。美國也面臨著全新的國際形勢。但是，要重新尋找確定美國的國家利益、戰(zhàn)略目標及其實現(xiàn)的途徑卻變得更加困難。
老布什上臺后，指定了“新世界秩序”的對外戰(zhàn)略政策，強調(diào)要確保美國在世界事務(wù)中的領(lǐng)導地位以實現(xiàn)“美國世紀”，但因其模糊性和不具操作性而遭到廣泛批評。因此，克林頓得以在四年后的選舉中勝出�？肆诸D政府推行“參與和擴展”的對外戰(zhàn)略，振興了美國經(jīng)濟，增強了美國對世界的影響力和領(lǐng)導力。2000年小布什上臺后，大力推行單邊主義政策。但近年來卻遇到了不少麻煩。在其他國家迅速崛起的同時，美國卻深陷阿富汗戰(zhàn)爭和伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭的泥潭，糾纏于朝鮮和伊朗的核問題而不得脫身。毫無疑問，美國在后冷戰(zhàn)時代面臨著更多的問題。
因而，美國今后必須調(diào)整其外交戰(zhàn)略，與其他國家進行合作，并更多地依靠軟力量來維護其國家利益。

關(guān)鍵詞

美國；外交戰(zhàn)略；后冷戰(zhàn)時代；合作