老年癡呆分期護理的臨床效果評估

論文編號:HL112  論文字數:9044.頁數:21

論文題目：老年癡呆分期護理的臨床效果評估
摘　要
 
研究背景：
 隨著社會老齡人口的增加，世界各國老年癡呆的發病率逐年增加的趨勢。流行病學調查表明：65歲以上老年癡呆患病率為3%—8%，80歲以上增加到30%或更高。權威調查顯示，目前我國癡呆病人已超過600萬人。預測到2025年將增加至1009萬人。老年癡呆平均生存期為5.5年該病已成為現代社會老年人的主要致死疾病之一。老年癡呆因起病隱匿，治療效果差，嚴重危害老年人的心身健康，不僅給社會和家庭帶來了巨大的經濟負擔，還會給家屬和直接照料者帶來嚴重的身心壓力，如何認識、預防老年癡呆的發生，實現對老年癡呆患者的日常生活護理、記憶障礙護理、行為異常的預防及護理、心理護理，是關系老年癡呆患者治療成敗的重要因素。
目的：
 認識老年癡呆的臨床特征，掌握預防老年癡呆的關鍵時機與方法，完善老年癡呆患者的護理對策與方法，以達到降低老年癡呆的發病率，延緩發病進程，提高老年癡呆患者的生活質量。
方法：
 對76例老年癡呆住院患者，按其病情不同分期分為三組，按護理的側重點，分別進行不同的護理，并設對照組，共55名患者，以普通的護理為主，分別用老年癡呆生活質量量表，日常生活自理能力量表以評估其病情變化，來探討護理的方法的可行性。
結果：
 通過一年的觀察，并與對照組對比，發現老年癡呆癥患者在不同的病情階段采取適當的和個體化的護理措施，可以延緩病情的發展，可以提高病人的生活質量。
結論：
 目前老年癡呆尚無特效藥物治療，預防性護理措施是延緩老年癡呆的發生，發展，減輕疾病發作和惡化的唯一的有效手段。在護理上應根據病人的病情采取不同的護理措施，不同的護理側重點，可以有效的延緩該病的進展，從而提高病人的生活質量，延長病人的生存周期。
 
關 鍵 詞：老年癡呆；分期； 護理； 評估
論文類型：研究報告
 Title: Stages of dementia care in clinical evaluation
ABSTRACT
 
 
Backgrounds:
 As social aging population increases, the world the incidence of dementia increased year by year trend. Epidemiological survey showed that: 65 years old Alzheimer's prevalence rate of 3% -8%, over the age of 80 to 30% or higher. Authoritative survey shows that China's current dementia patients have been more than 6 million people. Projected to 2025 will increase to 10.09 million people. The average survival time of Alzheimer's disease 5.5 years old has become a modern society, one of the major killer diseases. Hidden due to onset Alzheimer's, treatment is poor, seriously endanger the physical and psychological health of the elderly, not only to the society and the family has brought enormous economic burden, but also to the families and caregivers directly result in serious physical and psychological pressure, How to understand, prevent the occurrence of senile dementia and realize the daily life of patients with Alzheimer's care, memory impairment care, abnormal behavior prevention and care, psychological care, the relationship between Alzheimer's patient is an important factor in the success or failure.
Objectives:
 To know that the senile dementia the clinical characteristic, grasps the prevention senile dementia the essential opportunity and the method, the perfect senile dementia patient's nursing countermeasure and the method, achieves reduces the senile dementia the disease incidence rate, delays the morbidity advancement, improves the senile dementia patient's quality of life.
Methods：
 Of 76 cases of senile dementia inpatients, according to their condition at different stages divided into three groups, according to the focus of care were carried out in different care, and let the control group, a total of 55 patients, consisting mainly of ordinary care, respectively Alzheimer's Quality of Life Scale, daily self-care ability scale for evaluation of their condition changes, to explore the feasibility of the method of care.
Results：
 A year of observation, compared with the control group and found that Alzheimer's disease patients at different stages of the condition of appropriate and individualized nursing interventions can delay the disease progresses, patients can improve quality of life.
Conclusions：
 At present there is no effect of drug treatment of Alzheimer's disease, preventive care measures are delay the occurrence of dementia, development, and reduce the onset and deterioration of the disease the only effective means. In care should be based on the patient's condition to take care of different measures, different care focus, can effectively slow down the progress of the disease, thereby enhancing the quality of life of patients and prolong the patient's life cycle.
 
Keywords：Alzheimer，Stages，Nursing ，Assessment
Paper Type: Research report

 
目  錄
 
1緒論…………………………………………………………………………………………2
1.1背景及意義…………………………………………………………………………2 
1.2研究目的及目標 .……………………………………………………………………2
1.3關鍵詞及定義..………………………………………………………………………2
1.4文獻回顧……………………………………………………………………………..3
 1.4.1老年癡呆的發病病因…………………………………………………….…..3
 1.4.2臨床特點及發病過程…………………………………………………………3
 1.4.3老年癡呆的預防保健…………………………………………………………4
 1.4.4老年癡呆的護理………………………………………………………………4
2研究設計……………………………………………………………………………………5
2.1研究對象 5
2.2一般資料 5
2.3研究方法 5
 2.4研究步驟…………………………………………………….………………………5
3.研究結果……………………………………………………………………………………9
3.1研究對象一般情況 9
 3.2住院六個月病情變化情況………………………………………………………….9
 3.3住院一年病情變化情況………………………………….…………………………9
4討論 11
4.1研究結論 11
4.2研究過程 11
 4.3研究中存在的問題……………………………………………………………...…11
5推論及建議 13
5.1推論 13
5.2建議 13
致    謝 15
參考文獻 17