心理干預對高血壓性腦出血患者術后的影響

論文編號:HL102  論文字數:11693.頁數:26

論文題目：心理干預對高血壓性腦出血患者術后的影響
 摘  要
 
 目的  分析心理社會因素對高血壓性腦出血患者術后的影響，探討對高血壓性腦出血患者護理心理干預的方法和療效。
 方法  將60例高血壓性腦出血患者根據入院先后順序隨機分為兩組，每組30例，在常規治療的同時對干預組實施護理心理干預，干預措施為高血壓知識教育、放松技術訓練、個別心理疏導。干預前分別對兩組患者進行一般情況和高血壓疾病知識的問卷調查，進行心理指標的測量:焦慮自評量表(SAS)、抑郁自評量表(SDS)，干預后(出院時)再次對高血壓疾病知識、SAS,SDS, 血壓等指標進行復測，觀察兩組的療效，分析影響療效的因素。
 結果  (1)干預組與非干預組患者入院時一般情況和哮喘疾病知識、SAS、SDS指標無統計學差異（P＞0.05）；（2)入院時60例患者SAS與SDS的均分均高于國內常模(p＜0.001)；（3)治療后干預組和非干預組的心理、疾病知識、血壓等各項指標均具有統計學意義(p＜0.05)。（4)影響血壓的因素:抑郁焦慮情緒、個性特征、心理干預、疾病知識。
 結論 個性特征、情緒狀態等心理社會因素對高血壓性腦出血患者的發病和轉歸作用較明顯，在常規治療的同時輔以心理干預，能夠有效減輕抑郁、焦慮癥狀，緩解心理壓力，穩定情緒，使高血壓性腦出血疾病得到控制，療效顯著。
 
 關鍵詞  高血壓；腦出血；心理分析；心理干預
 
  
Title: Psychological intervention and its clinical effects on patients with hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage
ABSTRACT
 Objective  To analysis the factor of psychology and society that affect hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage patients. To explore the methods and curative effect of mentalintervene in hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage patients.
 Methods  To divide the 60 patients of hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage into two groups,30 patients/group. At the same time of treatment, we intervene in the study group with mental step. The intervening steps are mental leading, education of asthma information, relax technic and individual mental treatment. Before the intervening, we investigate the patient's general situation and knowledge about hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage with questionnaire. And measure the Self Rating Anxiety Scale, SAS、Self-Rating Depression Scale, SDS、blood pressure. After intervening, we measure the same indexes above. Observing the curative effect of the two groups, and analysis the influence factors.
 Results  A There are no significant difference between two group in general situation and knowledge about hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage, SAS、SDS,when they are hospitalized (p>0.05). B The average score of SAS and SDS in 60 patients were higher than normal people in China. C There are significant difference between the two groups in psychological measurement, and blood pressure,The knowledge of hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage (p＜0.05). D

pressure are the mood of depression and anxiety、mental intervene、personal character, knowledge about hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage.
 Conclusion  The factors of psychology and society have great effect onpatients of hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage, such as personality and mood, affect the cause and result of hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage. At the same time of treatment, mental intervening can relieve the symptom of depressions, anxiety and pressure of psychology. The symptoms of hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage can be improved in this way.
 
 KEY WORDS  hypertension；intracerebral hemorrhage； Psycho-analysis；Intervention countermeasure
 
目  錄
 
1 前 言 1
1.1背景 1
1.2目的 1
1.3關鍵詞定義 2
1.4文獻回顧 2
2.方 法 7
2.1研究設計 7
2.2研究人群 7
2.3研究方法/工具 7
1.1.1 2.3.1 研究方法 7
1.1.2 2.3.2 研究工具 9
2.4研究步驟 10
2.5統計分析 10
3.結 果 11
3.1 一般資料 11
3.2 高血壓性腦出血病人SAS、SDS評分與國內常模比較 11
3.3 出院時兩組心理、生理指標的比較 12
3.4 干預組與非干預組前后兩次評分之差比較（表4） 12
4.討 論 13
4.1心理社會因素對高血壓性腦出血的影響 13
4.2心理干預對高血壓性腦出血的意義 14
5.結論與展望 17
5.1結論 17
5.2展望 17
致    謝 19
參考文獻 21
附    錄 23