學齡前兒童的營養護理

論文編號:HL100  論文字數:8235.頁數:22

論文題目：學齡前兒童的營養護理
摘  要

研究背景
 在最近的研究報告中，學齡前兒童營養性疾病案例比較多，常見的分為營養不良性疾病和過營養性疾病。營養不良性疾病常因營養缺乏程度不同而分為營養不足癥和營養缺乏癥，前者指亞臨床性營養不良，后者指有明顯臨床表現的疾病。常見的過營養性疾病主要有：肥胖癥、糖尿病等。發病雖有遺傳、體質、神經及精神等多種因素，但脂質營養失調，脂肪在膳食中比例過高，特別是動物性脂肪、飽和脂肪酸攝取過多，是一個重要的致病原因。
研究目的
 探討對學齡前兒童營養不良性疾病、過營養性疾病的成因以及采用營養護理手段對學齡前兒童營養性疾病的干預效果。
研究方法
 162例學齡前兒童隨機分為實驗組和對照組，實驗組80例，根據學齡前兒童的身體現狀采取合適的營養護理的方法和手段；對照組82例，不采取額外的營養護理的方法和手段。監測學齡前兒童的生理狀況指標：血紅蛋白、體重，采用統計學T檢驗法分析數據，得出相關結論。
研究結果
 實驗組中兒童缺鐵性貧血只有2.5%,而對照組中兒童缺鐵性貧血有17.1%；x2＝9.65，P<0.01，說明采用合理的營養護理方法能顯著降低學齡前兒童患缺鐵性貧血的幾率；實驗組中兒童肥胖患病率只有5.0%,而對照組中兒童肥胖患病率有19.5%；x2＝7.89，P<0.01，說明采用合理的營養護理方法能顯著降低學齡前兒童肥胖的患病率。
結論
 我們應根據學齡前兒童營養性疾病采取不同的營養護理的方法和手段。如開展營養知識的健康教育, 做好健康教育、加強運動鍛煉、倡導平衡膳食、控制出生體重、采取合理的藥物治療、改變生活方式、定期監測體質等，讓學齡前兒童能健康成長。
采用合理的營養護理方法能顯著降低學齡前兒童患缺鐵性貧血和肥胖患病的幾率
關鍵詞：學齡前兒童，營養性疾病，營養護理
論文類型：研究報告
   
 Title: Comparison of the effect of nutritional nursing methods to preschool children
ABSTRACT
 Background:
 It could be found that there are many nutritional disease cases in the recent research papers. There were two types of nutritional diseases,one was lack of essential nutrients, for example iron deficiency anemia; the other was overnutrition, for example adiposis.    
 
 Objectives:
 To study the influences of nutritional nursing to preschool children，including haemoglobin, avoirdupois.
 
 Methods:
 162 preschool children were randomly divided to experimental group (80 cases) and control group (82 cases), monitored the items of physiology such as: haemoglobin, avoirdupois. The preschool children in experimental were raised by the right means of nutritional nursing, while the preschool children in control were not intervened in nutritional nursing.
 
 Results:
 The items of physiology between two groups have statistical difference( P＜0.01). Incidence of iron deficiency anemia, adiposis in experimental group is lower than that in control group. In experimental group, the proportion of iron deficiency anemia was 2.5%, the proportion of adiposis was 5.0%. In experimental group,there were 17.1% and 19.5 respectively. Compared with ones in control group, there were significant difference.          
 
 Conclusion:
 The disease number of iron deficiency anemia and adiposis in preschool children can observably decrease by the right means of nutritional nursing.

KEY WORDS: preschool children；nutritional disease；nutritional nursing

TYPE OF THESIS: Research Report

 
目  錄
1 緒論 1
 1.1研究背景及意義 1
     1.1.1研究背景……………………………………………………………………..1
     1.1.2研究意義……………………………………………………………………..2
 1.2研究目標 2
 1.3關鍵詞及定義 3
 1.4文獻回顧 3
2對象與方法 5
 2.1研究對象 5
 2.2一般資料 5
 2.3研究方法 6
 2.4研究步驟 6
3結果與分析 7
 3.1兩組學齡前兒童貧血人數下降人次比較 7
 3.2兩組學齡前兒童肥胖人數下降人次比較 7
 3.3研究結果…………………………………………………………………………….7
4討論 9
 4.1營養護理對學齡前兒童貧血患病率的影響 9
 4.2營養護理對學齡前兒童肥胖患病率的影響 9
5結論與展望 11
 5.1研究結論…………………………………………………………………………...11
 5.2不足和建議………………………………………………………………………...11
致    謝 13
參考文獻 15