PLC電梯控制畢業論文

電氣自動化論文編號:ZD029         字數:15029,頁數:44

目 錄
1 緒論.......................................................... 5
1.1 電梯的發展 ...................................................5
1.2 電梯的分類....................................................6
1.2.1 按用途分類 .................................................6
1.2.2 按驅動方式分類 .............................................7
1.2.3按速度分類...................................................7
1.2.4按電梯有無司機分類...........................................7
1.2.5 按操縱控制方式分類..........................................8
1.2.6 其它分類方式 ...............................................8
1.2.7 特殊電梯....................................................8
2 電梯的概述....................................................  9
2.1電梯的結構.....................................................9
2.1.1  曳引系統.................................................. 9
2.1.2  導向系統 ..................................................9
2.1.3門系統.................................................... . 9
2.1.4   轎廂 .................................................... 10
2.1.5 重量平衡系統................................................10
2.1.6 電力拖動系統................................................10
2.1.7 電氣控制系統 ...............................................10
2.1.8 安全保護系統................................................10
2.2 電梯的控制要求................................................12
3 PLC的概述....................................................  .13
3.1 PLC的定義.................................................... 13
3.2 PLC的特點.................................................... 13
3.3 PLC的結構和工作原理 ..........................................14
3.4 PLC與其他工業控制的比較.......................................15
3.5 FX 系列PLC的特點 .............................................16
4 電梯的外部設計..................................................17
4.1 交流雙速電梯拖動的主電路......................................17
4.2井道信號系統的設計.............................................19
4.2.1 干簧傳感器 .................................................19
4.2.2 雙穩態磁性開關 .............................................19
5 電梯控制軟件的設計............................................. 20
5.1 電梯主電路的設計..............................................20
5.1.1電梯基本原理.................................................20
5.1.2 集選控制電梯電氣控制系統的組成及相互關系....................20
5.1.3 I／O編號及分配 .............................................21
5.1.4 門電路及電氣安全回路 .......................................21
5.1.5 外部接線圖 .................................................22
5.2 電梯控制電路的設計............................................23
5.2.1層樓繼電器電路的實現 ........................................23
5.2.2 指令和召喚回路 .............................................24
5.2.3 選向回路 ...................................................26
5.2.4 選層電路 ...................................................27
5.2.5 電梯的運行線路 .............................................28
5.3 系統的調試運行................................................31
5.3.1 對以上各單元梯形圖進行編程..................................31
5.3.2 將梯形圖輸入PLC中調試.......................................41
全文結論........................................................  42
致   謝.........................................................  43
參考文獻.................................................... .... 44

摘 要: 隨著科學技術的發展、近年來，我國的電梯生產技術得到了迅速發展．一些電梯廠也在不斷改進設計、修改工藝。更新換代生產更新型的電梯，電梯主要分為機械系統與控制系統兩大部份，隨著自動控制理論與微電子技術的發展，電梯的拖動方式與控制手段均發生了很大的變化，交流調速是當前電梯拖動的主要發展方向。目前電梯控制系統主要有三種控制方式：繼電路控制系統(“早期安裝的電梯多位繼電器控制系統)、PLC控制系統、微機控制系統。繼電器控制系統由于故障率高、可靠性差、控制方式不靈活以及消耗功率大等缺點，目前已逐漸被淘汰。微機控制系統雖在智能控制方面有較強的功能，但也存在抗擾性差，系統設計復雜，一般維修人員難以掌握其維修技術等缺陷。而PLC控制系統由于運行可靠性高，使用維修方便，抗干擾性強,設計和調試周期較短等優點，倍受人們重視等優點，已成為目前在電梯控制系統中使用最多的控制方式，目前也廣泛用于傳統繼電器控制系統的技術改造。
關鍵詞:PLC 電梯  可控式編程器

Abstract：Along with science's and technology's development, the recent years, our country's elevator production technology obtained the rapidly expand. Some elevator factory unceasingly is also improving the design, the revision craft. The renewal production renewal's elevator, the elevator mainly divides into the mechanical system and the control system two major parts, along with the automatic control theory and microelectronic technology's development, elevator's dragging way and the control method has had the very big change, the exchange velocity modulation is the current elevator dragging main development direction. At present the lift control system mainly has three control modes: Following electric circuit control system (“early installment elevator many black-white control system), PLC control system, microcomputer control system. Because the black-white control system the failure rate is high, the reliability is bad, control mode not nimble as well as consumed power big and so on shortcomings, at present has been eliminated gradually.
Keywords: PLC elevator controllable -like programmer