交流采樣電量變送器

電氣自動化論文編號:ZD611 論文字數:19524,頁數:44，有外文翻譯

目  錄

第1章 緒論 1
1.1 電量變送器及其在電力系統中的應用 1
1.2 交流變送器的發展現狀 2
第2章 電力系統的信號及其測量方法 4
2.1 電力系統的信號 4
2.2 基于基頻信號的各種交流采樣測量方法及其特點 6
2.3 交流采樣的電量變送器算法的選擇 11
第3章 高精度測頻算法的研究 12
3.1 傅立葉算法原理 12
3.2 高精度的測頻算法 13
3.3 其它電量的計算公式 17
第4章 交流電量變送器的設計 19
4.1 電量變送器的硬件設計 19
4.2 電量變送器的軟件設計 21
4.3 開平方算法的改進 28
4.4 電量變送器同步采樣的實現 31
第5章 電量變送器的抗干擾措施 34
5.1 概述 34
5.2 軟件抗干擾措施 35
第6章 結論與展望 37
參考文獻 38
致  謝 40

摘 要
 用傳統方法測量交流電氣信號時，往往使用磁電式、電動式、感應式等常規模擬儀表，而現在一般都使用基于電子技術的變送器，將交流電氣信號轉換成直流信號后通過模數轉換，再由計算機進行測量。隨著微電子技術的發展，計算機直接對交流信號進行采樣測量已進人工業實用階段，這樣不僅縮小了儀器體積，降低了成本，減小了時間延滯，而且提高了測量的準確度和精度，同時也為電力生產與使用中的調度管理全面實現自動化，為達到無人值班、少人值守創造了有利的條件。所以進行交流采樣，設計出合理的硬件電路和編制出高效的檢測計算程序是值得進一步探討和研究的。
 本文分析了電量變送器的多種算法，指出了它們存在的問題。基于傅立葉算法的理論推導，提出了能消除衰減直流分量的幅值算法和高精度的測頻算法。新的幅值算法對衰減時間常數未作假設和要求;測頻算法根據傳統傅氏測頻算法存在的誤差，通過實時調整修正系數的方法，實現了高精度地跟蹤系統頻率。結合算法，以80C196KC單片機為核心，詳細介紹了電量變送器的硬件構成和軟件編程。同時對A/D采樣結果的處理和開平方算法提出了新的方法，并在硬件和軟件兩個方面上提高了變送器的可靠性。
 
 關鍵詞：電量變送器，交流采樣，傅立葉算法，單片機，頻率測量
ABSTRACT
 Using traditional methods when measuring the exchange of electrical signals, often used magnetic-electric, electric, induction, such as conventional analog instrumentation, and now are generally based on the use of electronic technology of the transmitter, the exchange will be converted into electrical signals DC signal through modulus Conversion, then measured by the computer. With the development of micro-electronics technology, computer exchange of signals directly to the sample survey has industry people into practical stage, so not only reduce the volume of equipment, lower costs, reduce the time delay and improve the measurement accuracy and precision, But also for electricity production and use in the management of scheduling the full realization of automation, to achieve unattended, few people on duty to create favorable conditions. So exchange sampling, to design a reasonable hardware circuit and the preparation of a highly efficient testing program is worthy of further exploration and study.
 This thesis examines the various algorithms that are currently applied to electrical quantity transducer. It is identifies and proposes a magnitude algorithm, and frequency measurement algorithm, Both of which are based on the Fourier algorithm. The proposed magnitude algorithm can eliminate the decaying DC component, and the proposed frequency measurement algorithm can produce a high accurate output the new magnitude algorithm dose not require the decaying constant τ to be known in advance. The frequency measurement algorithm can accurately track the system frequency by adjusting the amendatory coefficient in real time according to the error of the original Fourier frequency measurement algorithm, The thesis introduce in detail the hardware structure and software programming of electrical quantity transducer, In combination with algorithm and based on single chip microcomputer-80C196KC.It provides new solutions for the handling of the result of A/D sampling and the square root algorithm. While the reliability of transducer is improved in both hardware and software.
 
 KEY WORDS：electrical quantity transducer, AC sampling, Fourier algorithm, single chip microcomputer, frequency