基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的遠(yuǎn)程溫度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

論文編號(hào):ZD1162   論文字?jǐn)?shù):26834,頁(yè)數(shù):57 附任務(wù)書(shū)，開(kāi)題報(bào)告，文獻(xiàn)綜述，外文翻譯

基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的遠(yuǎn)程溫度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)
摘要
 遠(yuǎn)程溫度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)是一種不需人員到達(dá)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)就能完成遠(yuǎn)程溫度監(jiān)控的系統(tǒng)，它可以有效地解決傳統(tǒng)人工檢測(cè)存在的諸如效率低、成本高、錯(cuò)誤率高的問(wèn)題。
 遠(yuǎn)程溫度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)中最重要的部分就是數(shù)據(jù)傳輸方法的選擇，根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的幾種數(shù)據(jù)傳輸方法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，本文提出了一種基于以太網(wǎng)傳輸數(shù)據(jù)的遠(yuǎn)程溫度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)方案。以太網(wǎng)具有不需單獨(dú)布線，兼容性強(qiáng)，技術(shù)支持廣泛的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，采用以太網(wǎng)作為傳輸方法的遠(yuǎn)程溫度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)有良好的發(fā)展前景。而且隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用的普及，本方案只需要經(jīng)過(guò)小量修改，則可應(yīng)用到其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信設(shè)計(jì)。具有較強(qiáng)的示范意義。
 本系統(tǒng)分為三大模塊，分別為數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊，數(shù)據(jù)傳輸模塊和上位機(jī)軟件。數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊通過(guò)8 位單片機(jī)ATmega32采集溫度數(shù)據(jù)，將其儲(chǔ)存到外圍串行EEPROM中，防止意外斷電造成數(shù)據(jù)丟失。數(shù)據(jù)傳輸模塊分為以太網(wǎng)接口和ATmega32上的TCP/IP協(xié)議棧兩部分。以太網(wǎng)接口硬件部分主要由ATmega32，以太網(wǎng)卡芯片Enc28j60組成，由于8 位單片機(jī)資源有限，ATmega32上的TCP / IP 協(xié)議棧只包含ARP，ICMP, IP, TCP 和UDP 協(xié)議，并且根據(jù)本系統(tǒng)需要實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能，這些協(xié)議經(jīng)過(guò)了相應(yīng)簡(jiǎn)化，例如，在ICMP 協(xié)議中僅實(shí)現(xiàn)了Ping 應(yīng)答功能；在護(hù)協(xié)議中去掉了路由和數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)分片功能，僅實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)的發(fā)送和接收；在TCP 協(xié)議簡(jiǎn)化了狀態(tài)機(jī)，滑動(dòng)窗口和定時(shí)重傳機(jī)制，減少了連接數(shù)。上位機(jī)軟件利用VC++ 的SOCKET編程實(shí)現(xiàn)，具有測(cè)試連接，顯示即時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)的功能。經(jīng)過(guò)測(cè)試，本系統(tǒng)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)時(shí)顯示數(shù)據(jù)，與上位機(jī)進(jìn)行通信，以及在上位機(jī)上實(shí)時(shí)查詢數(shù)據(jù)的基本功能。
 
關(guān)鍵詞：遠(yuǎn)程溫度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)，以太網(wǎng)，TCP/IP協(xié)議

Abstract
 The remote temperature reading system is a new mode in which temperature data can be read without people on the spot. It can effectively solve the problems such as low efficiency ,high cost and high error rate.
 The data transmission is the most important part in a remote temperature reading system ,based on advantages and disadvantages of current data transmission methods, a remote temperature reading system in which data is transmitted based on Ethernet is presented. For Ethernet technology has many advantages such as good compatibility、 extensive technical support ,and the research in this field is significative.
 This system consists of three main modules : data collection module.data transmission module and software on the computer. In data collection module, the 8-bit MCU ATmega32 is used to collect data and stored in EEPROM to avoid data lost cased by accidental power off.
the data transmission module consists of the Ethernet interface and simple TCP/IP protocol stack on ATmega32.The hardware part of the Ethernet interface is made up of ATmega32, Ethernet controller Enc28j60. For the limited resource of 8-bit MCU, TCP/IP protocol stack on ATmega32 only has protocols including ARP, ICMP, IP, TCP and UDP. In addition, these protocols are simple according to the functions this system need to have. In ICMP protocol, only Ping function is reserved. In IP protocol, the routing and packet segment function is cancelled, only packet send and receive function is reserved. In TCP protocol, the state machine, slip window mechanism and timing to retransmit mechanism are simple, and the number of connection is reduced. Software on the computer is realized in the environment of VC++, it has functions including connection test and instant data display. The testing result shows that this system has basic functions of temperature reading and data transmission.

Keywords: remote temperature reading system; Ethernet; TCP/IP protocols

摘要 I
Abstract II
1 引言 1
2  網(wǎng)絡(luò)開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境介紹 2
2.1控制芯片ATmega32 2
2.2 網(wǎng)絡(luò)芯片Enc28j60 3
2.3開(kāi)發(fā)軟件 6
3 TCP/IP協(xié)議的簡(jiǎn)介與分析 7
3.1 TCP/IP協(xié)議及實(shí)現(xiàn)原理 7
3.2以太網(wǎng)協(xié)議分析 10
3.3本章小結(jié) 18
4 TCP/IP協(xié)議的實(shí)現(xiàn) 19
4.1單片機(jī)下TCP/IP協(xié)議棧中協(xié)議的選擇 19
4.2 ARP協(xié)議的實(shí)現(xiàn) 20
4.3 IP協(xié)議的實(shí)現(xiàn) 22
4.4 ICMP協(xié)議的實(shí)現(xiàn) 25
4.5 UDP協(xié)議的實(shí)現(xiàn) 27
4.6 TCP協(xié)議的實(shí)現(xiàn) 30
4.7本章小結(jié) 33
5　實(shí)際應(yīng)用——溫度遠(yuǎn)程檢測(cè)系統(tǒng) 34
5.1溫度傳感器DS18B20 34
5.2 遠(yuǎn)程溫度監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) 37
5.3 監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)情況 46
6總結(jié) 51
致謝 52
參考文獻(xiàn) 53