太陽能電池自動跟蹤系統(tǒng)硬件部分

電氣自動化論文編號:ZD868  論文字數(shù):10143,頁數(shù):26 附任務(wù)書，開題報告，文獻綜述，外文翻譯

目 錄

摘要.........................................................................1
1 緒論......................................................................1
研究背景及意義 .......................................................1
2 總體方案設(shè)計.............................................................3
2.1系統(tǒng)總體結(jié)構(gòu)..........................................................3
 3系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計.............................................................4
 3.1光電檢測 .............................................................4
 3.1.1光電檢測器件選取  .............................................. 4
 3.1.2光電檢測的設(shè)計...................................................7
 3.2機械跟蹤定位系統(tǒng)......................................................8
 3.2.1機械跟蹤定位系統(tǒng)的器件選取.......................................8
 3.2.2機械跟蹤定位系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計...........................................6
 3.3時鐘電路.............................................................12
   3.4單片機AT89C52.........................................................15
4系統(tǒng)開發(fā)工具介紹.........................................................18
 4.1 PROTEL簡介...........................................................18
 4.2 PROTEL的組成及功能...................................................18
5 系統(tǒng)調(diào)試.................................................................21
6 結(jié)論與展望...............................................................22
7 總結(jié).............................................................23
 致謝.......................................................................24
 參考文獻..................................................................25

摘要

 本系統(tǒng)以單片機為核心, 構(gòu)建了由光電二極管檢測和比較, 方位角和高度角雙軸機械跟蹤定位系統(tǒng)組成的自動控制裝置, 設(shè)計出一套自動使太陽能電池板保持與太陽光垂直的自動跟蹤系統(tǒng)。在晴天檢測時能自動跟蹤太陽并實時回存正確數(shù)據(jù), 消除因季節(jié)變化而產(chǎn)生的積累誤差, 在陰天時能自動引用晴天時的位置, 控制精度高, 具有廣泛的應(yīng)用潛力。實現(xiàn)了追蹤太陽的效果, 達到提高發(fā)電效率的目的。 該系統(tǒng)不僅能自動根據(jù)太陽光方向來調(diào)整太陽能電池板朝向，結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、成本低，而且在跟蹤過程中能自動記憶和更正不同時間的坐標位置，不必人工干預(yù)，特別適合天氣變化比較復(fù)雜和無人看守的情況。
 太陽自動跟蹤系統(tǒng)能根據(jù)當?shù)氐慕?jīng)緯度自動檢測晝夜 , 并應(yīng)用了太陽輻射與環(huán)境亮度的比較 , 使得該自動跟蹤系統(tǒng)的準確性高、可靠性強 , 在晴天檢測過程中能實時回存正確的時間和角度數(shù)據(jù) , 消除因季節(jié)變化而產(chǎn)生的積累誤差。在陰天時能通過比較自動轉(zhuǎn)動到以前晴天時的位置。即使是在天氣變化比較復(fù)雜的情況下 ,系統(tǒng)也能正常工作 , 提高太陽能的利用效率。     
 
關(guān)鍵詞：太陽跟蹤；光電檢測；自動定位；單片機；設(shè)計

Abstract

 Solar automatic tracking  system regards one - chip computer as the core , structure it by photodiode measuring and comparative law , a. 1zimuth and high corner double axle machinery follow the automatic control device that the navigation system make up , design one enable the sun panel keep with sunlight vertical automatic tracking system model automatically. Go back to store the correct data when can be real when it is fine while measuring , dispel the accumulation error produced because of seasonal variation , position on can when being automatically fine day of quoting at overcast day , reach the anticipated performance index , it is high to control the precision , have extensive application potentiality. Realize following the trail of the result of the sun , achieve the goal of improving efficiency of generating electricity.This system not merely can automatically adjust the solar battery orientation according to the sunlight direction, with simple structure and low costs; it can memorize and correct automatically the coordinate position of different time in the process of tracing as well, without manual operation, especially for the cases of complicated weather and nobody guarding.  
 Solar automatic tracking system according to the local latitude and longitude of automatic detection day and night, and the application of solar radiation and brightness of the environment compared to the automatic tracking system makes the accuracy, reliability, in the course of sunny real-time detection to keep the correct time and angle data, due to seasonal changes and eliminate the accumulated error. On cloudy days when the automatic rotation through comparison to the previous sunny location. Even if the weather changes in the complicated circumstances, the system can also work to enhance the efficiency of the utilization of solar energy.

Abstract: the sun follows; the photoelectricity is measured; makes a reservation automatically; One-chip computer,designs