基于OpenCV的螺絲刀尺寸檢測

電氣自動化論文編號:ZD1088    論文字數:13958,頁數:29 

目 錄
摘要…………………………………………………………………………….....……………..I
1 緒論…………………………………………………………………………………………..1
1.1 引言………………………………………………………………………….……1
1.2  數字圖像處理技術發展與應用……………………………………………………......1
1.3  數字圖像處理技術的的主要特點………………………………………………………2
1.4  數字圖像處理技術在工件檢測中的應用………………………………………………3
2 OpenCV及其在圖像處理中的應用……………………………………………………4
 2.1  OpenCV簡介……………………………………………………………………..4
  2.1.1  功能描述………………………………………………………………………..4
  2.1.2  OpenCV的安裝………………………………………………………………….4
        2.1.3  OpenCV在圖像處理中的應用………………………………………………..5
3 螺絲刀檢測中的關鍵技術研究…………………………………………………………6
 3.1  圖像預處理…………………………………………………………………………6
  3.1.1  圖像的灰度變換………………………………………………………………..6
  3.1.2  圖像的二值化………………………………………………………………....7
  3.1.3  圖像的灰度變化和邊緣檢測…………………………………………………10
  3.1.4  圖像的去噪處理……………………………………………………………….10
 3.2  canny邊緣檢測………………………………………………………………...12
4 螺絲刀檢測的軟件檢測…………………………………………………….........……14
    4.1  功能分析與操作界面設計………………………………………………………………...14
 4.2  啟動畫面的實現…………………………………………………………………………...15
4.3  采集圖像功能的實現……………………………………………………………………...15
 4.4  開始檢測功能的實現……………………………………………………………………...16
    4.5  功能分析與操作界面設計………………………………………………………………...18
 4.6  繼續檢測功能的實現……………………………………………………………………...19
4.7  定點檢測功能的實現……………………………………………………………………...19
 4.8  保存功能的實現…………………………………………………………………………...21
    4.9  均值測量功能的實現……………………………………………………………………..21
 4.10 像素對應尺寸的標定……………………………………………………………………..22
5 總結……………………………………………………………………………………….23
致謝…………………………………………………………………………………………...24
參考文獻………………………………………………………………………………………...25

摘  要
 本系統主要是用USB攝像頭采集螺絲刀的樣本圖像，然后對圖像進行邊緣檢測，提取邊緣，最后對邊緣進行處理，得到螺絲刀的直徑。
 本系統利用OpenCV的視頻讀寫函數捕獲USB攝像頭，采集螺絲刀的樣本圖像。將采集到的圖像進行灰度轉換，即24位的真彩圖轉化為8位的灰度圖。然后對得到的灰度圖進行canny邊緣檢測。得到比較清晰完整的螺絲刀輪廓。找出輪廓像素在圖像中的坐標，計算出螺絲刀的像素直徑。再對攝像頭進行標定，找出沒個像素所對應得實際此寸。最后將螺絲刀的像素直徑轉換為實際的直徑，顯示給用戶。該系統還可以支持指定位置檢測，計算平均直徑的均值檢測和保存檢測結果的功能。多次測試表明本系統具有較高的測試精度與測試可靠性。

關鍵詞： 邊緣檢測；OpenCV；圖像處理

Abstract
 This system mainly uses USB camera samples the image of screwdriver. Then, it will detect the edge of the image to extract the outline of the screwdriver. Finally, it will measure the outline to get the screwdriver’s diameter.
 The system uses OpenCV reading and writing functions of OpenCV to capture USB camera, and collects sampleing image of screwdriver. After which it convers the image collected by USB camera to grayscale, that is turning 24-bit true color picture into 8-bit grayscale picture. Then the system will process the grayscale picture by canny edge detection so as to get a clear, complete outline of the driver and calculate the diameter of the screwdriver which is measured by pixels. Next step is Re-calibrateing the camera to find the corresponding inch to eatch pixel,by which ,Finally,it can get the actual diameter, and show it to the user. The system also can support the specified location detection, calculating average diameter and the function of preservation the measuring result. Several tests has shown that the system has high accuracy and reliability.
Keywords： Edge Detection；OpenCV；Image Processing